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Varaha Purana 198.76: Adhyaya 198, Shloka 76

Description of the Torments within the Cycle of Rebirth: Hymn to Yama and the Introduction to Citragupta’s Administration

कालज्ञश्च कृतज्ञश्च सत्यवादी दृढव्रतः ॥ प्रेतनाथ महाभाग धर्मराज नमोऽस्तु ते

Recitation with translationVaraha Purana 198.76

kālajñaś ca kṛtajñaś ca satyavādī dṛḍha-vrataḥ || pretanātha mahābhāga dharmarāja namo’stu te

आप समय को जानते हैं और अच्छे काम को याद रखते हैं। आप सच बोलते हैं और अपनी बात पे काये रहते हैं। मरने के बाद लोगों के स्वामी, आप बड़े भगवान हैं। धरमराज, आपको प्रणाम है।

कालज्ञःknower of time
कालज्ञः:
सम्बोधन-प्राय विशेषण (विशेष्य-धर्मराज)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाल + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; √ज्ञा धातु-आश्रित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
कृतज्ञःgrateful
कृतज्ञः:
सम्बोधन-प्राय विशेषण (विशेष्य-धर्मराज)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण
चand
च:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
सत्यवादीtruth-speaker
सत्यवादी:
सम्बोधन-प्राय विशेषण (विशेष्य-धर्मराज)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य + वादिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण
दृढव्रतःfirm in vows
दृढव्रतः:
सम्बोधन-प्राय विशेषण (विशेष्य-धर्मराज)
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढ + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण
प्रेतनाथlord of the departed
प्रेतनाथ:
सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेत + नाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; संबोधनपदम्
महाभागgreatly fortunate one
महाभाग:
सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहā + भाग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; संबोधनपदम्
धर्मराजKing of Dharma (Yama)
धर्मराज:
सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन; संबोधनपदम्
नमःsalutation
नमः:
सम्बन्ध/भाव (salutation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनिपात/अव्यय; नमस्कारार्थक (salutatory particle)
अस्तुlet it be
अस्तु:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative/आज्ञार्थ), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तेto you / for you
ते:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (to you/for you)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive) एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Unspecified (defaults to Varāha framework: narrator/instructor voice addressing Dharmarāja)

C
Classical Literature
D
Dharmaśāstra Discourse
P
Purāṇic Cosmology

FAQs

It reflects a Purāṇic ethical portrait of Dharmarāja (often identified with Yama), emphasizing truthfulness, disciplined conduct, and moral discernment—common themes in late-classical Sanskrit didactic literature.

No specific geographic location is named in this verse; the setting is conceptual (the moral authority of Dharmarāja over the departed).

The verse elevates virtues such as truth-speaking, steadfast vows, and moral discernment as defining qualities of righteous governance and judgment.

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