Opening the text
An Exposition on the Causes of Happiness and Suffering
धावन्त्यस्याग्रतः पृष्ठे ततो दुःखतरं नु किम् ॥ अश्नन्ति पिशितं केचित्केचिच्छालिसमन्वितम्
dhāvanty asyāgrataḥ pṛṣṭhe tato duḥkhataraṃ nu kim || aśnanti piśitaṃ kecit kecic chāli-samanvitam
वो उसके आगे पीछे दौड़ते हैं, उससे बड़ा दर्द और क्या हो सकता है? कुछ लोग मास खा रहे हैं, कुछ चावल के साथ खाना खा रहे हैं।
Varāha (default, instructional voice)
The verse uses everyday markers—movement, attendants, and diet—to depict social differentiation, a frequent Purāṇic technique for moral instruction.
No location is specified; the passage is descriptive of social scenes rather than sacred geography.
To contemplate suffering intensified by comparison: witnessing others’ activity and consumption while oneself is constrained by impending death.
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