Adhyatma Upanishad: Verse 49

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सुखाद्यनुभवो यावत्तावत्प्रारब्धमिष्यते । फलोदयः क्रियापूर्वो निष्क्रियो नहि कुत्रचित्॥४९॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

सुख-आदि-अनुभवः यावत् तावत् प्रारब्धम् इष्यते । फल-उदयः क्रिया-पूर्वः निष्क्रियः न हि कुत्रचित् ॥

Recitation with translationAdhyatma Upanishad 49

IAST Transliteration

sukhādyanubhavo yāvattāvatprārabdham iṣyate | phalodayaḥ kriyāpūrvo niṣkriyo nahi kutracit ||49||

Translation

जब तक तुम्हे सुख दुख का एहसास होता है। तब तक पुराने करम का फल मिलता रहता है। जो काम किए थे, उनका रिज़ल्ट आता है। बिना काम किए कोई रिज़ल्ट नहीं मिलता। यह सिंपल बात है।

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Academic Translation

So long as there is experience of pleasure and the like, so long is prārabdha (karma already set in motion) admitted to persist. The arising of results is preceded by action; nowhere is it actionless.

Word by Word

• sukha: pleasure
• Type: Noun
• Root: sukha (prātipadika)
• Form: napuṃsaka, as first member in compound

• ādi: and so on
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ādi (prātipadika/avyaya-like)
• Form: ādi-śabdaḥ (etc.-sense), used as compound member

• anubhavaḥ: experience
• Type: Noun
• Root: anubhava (prātipadika)
• Form: puṃliṅga, prathamā, ekavacana

• yāvat: as long as
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yāvat (avyaya)
• Form: parimāṇa/avadhi-avyaya

• tāvat: so long/that long
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tāvat (avyaya)
• Form: tāvat-śabdaḥ (correlative to yāvat)

• prārabdham: prārabdha (karma already begun)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prārabdha (kṛdanta/prātipadika)
• Form: kta-pratyaya from √rabh with pra-ā-, napuṃsaka, prathamā, ekavacana

• iṣyate: is considered
• Type: Verb
• Root: √iṣ (dhātu)
• Form: laṭ, ātmanepada, prathama-puruṣa, ekavacana; karmaṇi-prayoga (passive sense)

• phala: result
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala (prātipadika)
• Form: napuṃsaka, as first member in compound

• udayaḥ: arising
• Type: Noun
• Root: udaya (prātipadika)
• Form: puṃliṅga, prathamā, ekavacana

• kriyā: action
• Type: Noun
• Root: kriyā (prātipadika)
• Form: strīliṅga, as first member in compound

• pūrvaḥ: preceded by
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pūrva (prātipadika)
• Form: puṃliṅga, prathamā, ekavacana; used predicatively with phalodayaḥ

• niṣkriyaḥ: actionless
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣkriya (prātipadika)
• Form: puṃliṅga, prathamā, ekavacana

• na: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (avyaya)
• Form: niṣedhārtha-avyaya

• hi: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (avyaya)
• Form: nipāta (emphasis/justification)

• kutracit: anywhere
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kutra + cit (avyaya)
• Form: deśa-avyaya (indefinite)

Sandhi Notes

• sukhādyanubhavaḥ = sukha + ādi + anubhavaḥ (a + ā → ā; compound)
• yāvattāvat = yāvat + tāvat (juxtaposed correlatives)
• phalodayaḥ = phala + udayaḥ (tatpuruṣa)
• kriyāpūrvaḥ = kriyā + pūrvaḥ (tatpuruṣa)

Verse Context

• Karma theory (prārabdha) and causality of experience; relation of embodied experience to residual karma even for a knower
• Mahavakya: Indirect: clarifies that even with Brahma-jñāna (e.g., 'tat tvam asi'), bodily experience may continue due to prārabdha, without contradicting non-dual realization
• Unknown (not a Principal Upanishad mantra; appears to be a Vedanta prakaraṇa-style verse on prārabdha)
• Unknown/Not applicable Shakha
• Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (śloka)