Sukta 90
Sukta 9.90
Soma Pavamāna (approaching Indra)
This Pavamāna Soma hymn praises Soma as he is urged forward through purification, advancing like a victorious chariot toward Indra with sharpened power and abundant gifts. The seer asks Soma to open wide, safe paths, to bring the Waters, Dawns, and solar “cows” (light), and to grant strength for inspired speech. It culminates in a royal image of Soma crushing misfortune and protecting the worshippers with lasting well-being.
Mantras
Mantra 1
प्र हिन्वानो जनिता रोदस्यो रथो न वाजं सनिष्यन्नयासीत् । इन्द्रं गच्छन्नायुधा संशिशानो विश्वा वसु हस्तयोरादधानः ॥
सोम आगे बढ़ रहा है, जो दोनों दुनिया का जनक है। वो ऐसा चल रहा है जैसे कोई रथ तेज़ दौड़ में जाता है। वो इंद्र के पास जा रहा है, अपने हथियार तेज़ कर रहा है। उसने दोनों हाथों में सारे खज़ाने ले लिए है। अब वो तैयार है देने के लिए, जीत के लिए।
Mantra 2
अभि त्रिपृष्ठं वृषणं वयोधामाङ्गूषाणामवावशन्त वाणीः । वना वसानो वरुणो न सिन्धून्वि रत्नधा दयते वार्याणि ॥
गायों के बीच वो एक बड़े बैल की तरह खड़ा है, जहाँ से साँस चलती है। गायक उसकी आवाज़ से पुकारते हैं। वो जंगल पहने है, और वरुण की तरह नदियों में चलता है। वो खज़ाने रखने वाला है, अच्छी-अच्छी चीज़ें बाँट रहा है।
Mantra 3
शूरग्रामः सर्ववीरः सहावाञ्जेता पवस्व सनिता धनानि । तिग्मायुधः क्षिप्रधन्वा समत्स्वषाळ्हः साह्वान्पृतनासु शत्रून् ॥
यह वीरों का दल है, सबसे बड़े बहादुरों का। तू खुद को साफ कर, धन जीतने वाले। तेज़ हथियार ले, तेज़ धनुष ले। जंग में दुश्मनों को हरा, तू हमारी तरफ से जीत का बल बन जा।
Mantra 4
उरुगव्यूतिरभयानि कृण्वन्त्समीचीने आ पवस्वा पुरंधी । अपः सिषासन्नुषसः स्वर्गाः सं चिक्रदो महो अस्मभ्यं वाजान् ॥
सोम, तू बड़े रास्ते से आ, हमें डर से आज़ाद कर दे। सही दिशा में आ, ताकत ले कर। पानी माँग, सवेरा माँग, सूरज की रोशनी माँग। आवाज़ कर और हमारे लिए बड़ी ताकत इकट्ठा कर।
Mantra 5
मत्सि सोम वरुणं मत्सि मित्रं मत्सीन्द्रमिन्दो पवमान विष्णुम् । मत्सि शर्धो मारुतं मत्सि देवान्मत्सि महामिन्द्रमिन्दो मदाय ॥
सोम, तू वरुण के लिए खुशी बन जा, मित्र के लिए खुशी बन जा। इंद्र के लिए नशा बन जा, विष्णु के लिए भी। मरुत के दल के लिए आनंद बन जा, देवियों के लिए भी। इंद्र के लिए बड़ा मज़ा बन जा, खुशी का।
Mantra 6
एवा राजेव क्रतुमाँ अमेन विश्वा घनिघ्नद्दुरिता पवस्व । इन्दो सूक्ताय वचसे वयो धा यूयं पात स्वस्तिभिः सदा नः ॥
सोम राजा की तरह बहता है, अपनी शक्ति और सही रास्ता लेकर। वो हमारे सारे पाप और तकलीफें तोड़ देता है। इन्दु हम्मे ज़िन्दगी और ताकत देता है अच्छे बोलने के लिए। आप शक्तियाँ हमेशा हमारे साथ रहो और हमारा भला करो।
Inside Sukta 90
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
Soma is driven forward as the begetter of the two worlds, advancing like a chariot seeking victorious plenitude.
- Development
He turns toward Indra, “sharpening weapons,” while the hymn asks for wide, safe courses and the gathering of Waters, Dawns, and solar light-cattle—symbols of ordered abundance.
- Climax
Soma’s wide-ranging flow creates fearlessness and gathers great vājas (victorious energies) for the worshippers.
- Where it settles
Like a wise king, Soma crushes all distress, grants life-force for inspired speech, and the hymn ends with a prayer for continual protection and well-being (svasti).
The deity: Soma Pavamāna
- In the VedaSoma is the pressed, flowing, self-purifying draught that runs through the filter, shining and roaring as it hastens to the gods—especially to Indra—bearing strength, wealth, and inspiration.
- Cosmic functionHe mediates between worlds and beings: purified Soma becomes divine vitality that empowers Indra’s victory, sustains ṛta (right order), and releases abundance (vāja, rayi).
- Inner significanceThe clarified current of consciousness: disciplined purification of desire and will into luminous force that supports insight (vāc), courage, and inner fearlessness.
The seer
- Rebha KāśyapaKāśyapa (traditional Anukramaṇī attribution) · A seer-name associated with inspired utterance (rebha, “one who chants/praises”) and with Soma-Pavamāna hymns that emphasize purification, victorious energy (vāja), and protection.
Famous verses
प्र हिन्वानो जनिता रोदस्यो रथो न वाजं सनिष्यन्नयासीत् । इन्द्रं गच्छन्नायुधा संशिशानो विश्वा वसु हस्तयोरादधानः ॥urugavyūtiḥ abhayāni kṛṇvan
yūyaṃ pāta svastibhiḥ sadā naḥ
Attributes of the deity
- Self-purifying (pavamāna)
- Swift, chariot-like advance
- Giver of vāja (victorious force) and vasu (treasures)
- Allied with Indra’s conquering power
- Opener of safe, wide paths (urugavyūti)
- Crusher of distress and crookedness (duritā)
- Source of inspired speech (sūkta/vāc)
Also by this seer
- Traditional attribution to multiple Soma-Pavamāna verses/hymns within Maṇḍala 9 in some Anukramaṇī traditions (hymn-level attributions vary by recension and critical editions).
- Association with the broader Kāśyapa seer-family prominent across the Rigveda, often linked with cosmological and ritual themes.
The rite, step by step
- Press the Soma plant and collect the expressed juice.
- Mix/clarify according to rite (often with water; sometimes with milk/curds depending on pressing).
- Purify by letting Soma flow through the filter (pavitra), reciting Pavamāna verses.
- Offer clarified Soma into the fire and/or present as libation to Indra (and associated powers), accompanied by praise.
- Conclude with petitions for protection, fearlessness, strength, and well-being for the sacrificers.
Offerings
- Clarified Soma (pavamāna)
- Water (āpaḥ) as purifier and mixer
- Ghee and oblations into Agni as part of the larger Soma rite (contextual)
Frequently Asked Questions
The hymn praises Soma Pavamāna—Soma as he flows and purifies through the filter—especially as he approaches Indra to empower victory and give abundance.
It describes Soma’s swift, forceful movement in the ritual stream: purified Soma rushes forward with power (vāja), as if a chariot charging toward its goal, bringing gifts to gods and people.
It asks for fearlessness and safe paths, for the gathering of waters and dawning light (symbols of renewal), for victorious strength, for life-force to support inspired speech, and for ongoing well-being (svasti).
Ask anything about Sukta 90 of the Rig Veda
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.
