Rig Veda 9.107.1: Mandala 9, Sukta 107, Mantra 1
Sukta 9.107
- Devata
- Soma Pavamana / Soma
- Rasa
- Vira (heroism) and Shanta (peace)
परीतो षिञ्चता सुतं सोमो य उत्तमं हविः । दधन्वाँ यो नर्यो अप्स्वन्तरा सुषाव सोममद्रिभिः ॥
parītó ṣiñcatā sutáṃ sómo yá uttamáṃ havíḥ | dadhanvā́ṃ yó naryó apsv àntarā́ ā susā́va sómam ádribhiḥ ||
नीचे पिए हुए सोम को चारों तरफ बहा दो। वो सबसे बड़ा भेंट है। उसमे मर्दों जैसी ताकत है। पत्थरों से पानी के अंदर निचोड़ा गया है। वो सोम हमारे काम में आए।
Word by Word
- परीतः
- surrounded, encompassedAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (सुतं सोमम् इति विशेषणम्)Role Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण कर्तृपदस्य)Root परि (उपसर्ग) + इ (धातु) → परीत (कृदन्त-भूतकृदन्त)
- सिञ्चत
- pour (you all), sprinkleVerbलोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपदRole (क्रिया)Root सिच् (धातु)
- सुतम्
- the pressed (Soma)Noun (participle used substantively)पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot सु (धातु) → सुत (कृदन्त)
- सोमः
- SomaNounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole KartāRoot सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
- यः
- whoPronounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole Kartā (सोमः इत्यस्य सम्बन्धी)Root यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- उत्तमम्
- best, highestAdjectiveनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन (हविः इति विशेषणम्)Role Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)Root उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; उच्/उद्-त्मन् इत्यादि व्युत्पत्तिः)
- हविः
- oblationNounनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot हविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
- दधन्वान्
- bearing, holdingAdjective (agentive participial)पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (यः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Role Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)Root धा (धातु) → दधत्/दधन् (वर्तमान कृदन्त) + वान् (मतुप्/वनिप्-प्रत्ययभावः)
- यः
- whoPronounपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचनRole KartāRoot यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
- नर्यः
- manly, belonging to menAdjectiveपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (यः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)Role Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)Root नर्य (प्रातिपदिक; नर-सम्बन्धी)
- अप्सु
- in the watersNounस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचनRole AdhikaraṇaRoot अप् (प्रातिपदिक)
- अन्तरा
- within, in betweenIndeclinableअव्यय; ‘बीच में/अन्तर’ अर्थेRole Adhikaraṇa (अप्सु इत्यस्य सह)Root अन्तर (प्रातिपदिक) / अव्यय-रूप
- सुषाव
- has pressed (well)Verbलिट् (परोक्ष/परिपूर्ण भूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपदRole (क्रिया)Root सु (धातु)
- सोमम्
- SomaNounपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचनRole KarmaRoot सोम (प्रातिपदिक)
- अद्रिभिः
- with stones (pressing-stones)Nounपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचनRole KaraṇaRoot अद्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
Sandhi Notes
- पदच्छेद (सन्धि-निरसन): परी॒तो षि॑ञ्चता → परीतः सिञ्चत
- सोमो॒ य → सोमः यः
- यो नर्यो॑ → यः नर्यः
- अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा → अप्सु अन्तरा
- सु॒षाव॒ सोम॒मद्रि॑भिः → सुषाव सोमम् अद्रिभिः. (उदात्त/स्वरित चिह्न मूलपाठानुसार; पदरूपे सामान्यतः बिना-स्वरचिह्न दत्तम्।)
The meaning
Outer meaning
Pour all around the pressed Soma, the supreme offering—he who bears manly power, pressed out within the waters by the stones.
Inner meaning
The seeker is asked to surround and establish the prepared Soma (purified delight) in the circle of the work: make it the ‘supreme offering’ at the center of life. ‘Pressed by stones within the waters’ becomes the yogic image of concentrated aspiration and friction (adribhiḥ) releasing the essence of bliss within the deep flow of consciousness (apsu). This Soma bears ‘narya’—the virile, effective power to act and realize.
Universal truth
When joy is consciously made central and offered upward, it becomes strength and right action. Essence is released by disciplined pressure and persistence, and it must be held in a supportive field (a circle) to nourish the whole endeavour.
Themes
Soma pressing, consecration circle, supreme offering, inner waters
The seer
- Other hymns
- RV 9.107 (hymn opening)
Significance
The seer frames the practice: not only to purify Soma, but to ‘place it all around’—to build a stable inner ritual-field where delight becomes the supreme offering powering the work.
The deity
- Devata
- Soma (pressed Soma as supreme havis) / Soma Pavamāna
- Epithets
- Suta (pressed), Uttama-havis (supreme offering), Narya (bearer of heroic force)
- Related deities
- Indra (who drinks Soma for illumination), Agni (who carries the offering), Waters (Āpaḥ)
Cosmic role
The offering-essence that mediates between human endeavour and divine fulfillment; sustainer of gods and sacrificer.
Inner power
Ananda concentrated into strength (vīrya) and stability (dadhanvān) that can be distributed through the whole being.
In ritual
Where it is used
Soma pressing (savana) and libation; establishing Soma for offering
परी॒तो षि॑ञ्चता सु॒तं सोमो॒ य उ॑त्त॒मं ह॒विः । द॒ध॒न्वाँ यो नर्यो॑ अ॒प्स्व१॒॑न्तरा सु॒षाव॒ सोम॒मद्रि॑भिः ॥
परि॑ । इ॒तः । सि॒ञ्च॒त॒ । सु॒तम् । सोमः॑ । यः । उ॒त्ऽत॒मम् । ह॒विः । द॒ध॒न्वान् । यः । नर्यः॑ । अ॒प्ऽसु । अ॒न्तः । आ । सु॒साव॑ । सोम॑म् । अद्रि॑ऽभिः ॥
pari | itaḥ | siñcata | sutam | somaḥ | yaḥ | ut-tamam | haviḥ | dadhanvān | yaḥ | naryaḥ | ap-su | antaḥ | ā | susāva | somam | adri-bhiḥ
Likely Triṣṭubh (frequent for directive, energetic openings; approximate)
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4 pādas × ~11 syllables (approximate)
Firm, directive, sacrificial cadence; strong imperatival drive.
Energizes will and organization of practice; helpful for ‘setting’ the meditation container.
- pari… ṣiñcatā
- Literal: pour around. Symbolic: create a protective, integral field; establish the higher influence in all parts
- sutaṃ somaḥ
- Literal: pressed Soma. Symbolic: the extracted essence of delight after effort and concentration
- uttamaṃ haviḥ
- Literal: supreme offering. Symbolic: making inner joy and truth the highest sacrifice, above egoistic motives
- dadhanvān
- Literal: bearing, supporting. Symbolic: sustaining power in the being; holding-force of realization
- naryaḥ
- Literal: manly/heroic. Symbolic: effective soul-force for accomplishment (vīrya)
- apsu… suṣāva
- Literal: in the waters… has been pressed out. Symbolic: in the depths of consciousness/being the essence is released
- adribhiḥ
- Literal: with stones. Symbolic: steady disciplines, tapas, concentrated impacts that extract the truth-essence
Opening of RV 9.107: instruction to pour/infuse the pressed Soma; explicit mention of Soma pressed by stones and associated with waters—classic Soma-pressing liturgy.
At the beginning of a Pavamāna sequence or during pouring around the Soma in the soma-rite context.
Pouring/arranging Soma, encircling the offering space; recitation to consecrate Soma as highest oblation.
Before meditation or important work: ‘encircle’ your day with the intention that joy/truth be the highest offering; create boundaries and supportive routines.
√ ‘to pour’ (sprinkling/infusion). (havis) ‘offering’ from √ ‘to sacrifice, invoke’ (PIE *ǵʰewh₁- ‘pour/libate’ often compared). (adri) ‘stone’ used for Soma-pressing; symbolically the ‘pressure’ that releases essence. (ap) ‘water’ is archaic IE (cf. Latin aqua is different; but Indo-Iranian ap-/āp- is inherited within the branch).
supreme offering (uttamaṃ havis), tapas/pressure (adri as symbol of pressing), inner waters as life-currents (ap-su antaḥ)
‘Pour all around’ implies ordering the forces so the offering is protected and rightly placed in ṛta.
Soma as ‘uttamaṃ haviḥ’ signifies truth-essence as the highest value.
Essence emerges from the waters under pressure—creation by concentration and release of hidden delight.
Early yogic symbolism: extraction of essence from the depths by tapas; aligns with Aurobindo’s ‘secret of Soma’.
Stones = disciplined impacts; waters = depth-consciousness; Soma = extracted bliss; circle = integral field of practice.
- What is the primary Vedic 'mythologem' present in this verse?
- The ‘hidden Soma in the waters pressed out by stones’ mythologem: Soma is interior (apsu antarā) and must be released by pressure (adri). Psychologically, the delight-essence is concealed in the life-currents and is expressed by concentrated will/discipline, then poured around to consecrate the whole field of action.
- How does the linguistic structure reflect Proto-Indo-European roots?
- √sich ‘pour’ and √dhā ‘place/hold’ are old IE verbal roots (PIE *seyḱ- ‘pour’ often compared; *dʰeh₁- ‘put’). The central sacrificial lexicon (havis) reflects an inherited ‘libation/offering’ semantic domain across Indo-European ritual language.
- What is the relationship between the Rishi and the Devata here?
- The rishi gives liturgical instruction (‘pour all around’) but the devata’s nature is also revealed: Soma is the ‘supreme offering’ because it is both substance and power—pressed from within the waters by the stones (inner pressure). The human act (pressing/pouring) collaborates with Soma’s own hidden presence to establish a consecrated inner session.
Establish Soma (quiet joy) as the central offering; build a protective circumference of attention.
Manipura (organized will) supporting Anahata (joy) (optional).
On inhale: ‘pari…’; on exhale: ‘ṣiñcatā sutaṃ’; feel the breath forming a circle around the heart-space.
Collected, empowered, consecrated.
Begin by ‘pressing’—a minute of steady concentration (adribhiḥ). Sense a subtle joy released in the depth (apsu). Then ‘pour around’—spread it evenly through body and mind, making it the highest offering that governs speech and action.
Maintain strong udātta on imperatives (ṣiñcatā) and key nouns (sutaṃ, haviḥ).
Deliver ‘pari… ṣiñcatā’ as a clear directive; pause lightly after ‘uttamaṃ haviḥ’ to mark supremacy; keep ‘apsv antarā’ fluid like water.
ṣiñcatā: retroflex ṣ; ‘ñc’ palatal nasal + c, uttamaṃ: double ‘tt’ crisp, apsv: cluster ‘psv’—keep ‘ap-su’ with tight sandhi, adribhiḥ: ‘dr’ cluster clear; final visarga light
Steady, priestly, well-supported breath; slightly emphatic.
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