Rig Veda 8.9.18: Mandala 8, Sukta 9, Mantra 18
Sukta 8.9
Rishi: Kāṇva (Kāṇva lineage; exact attribution not specified in input)
Devata: Uṣas and Aśvinau (Dawn as condition for Ashvins’ arrival)
Chandas: Likely Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (requires metrical verification; not determinable with certainty from input alone)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यदुषो यासि भानुना सं सूर्येण रोचसे । आ हायमश्विनो रथो वर्तिर्याति नृपाय्यम् ॥
Transliteration
yád uṣo yā́si bhānúnā sáṃ sū́ryeṇa rocase | ā́ háyám aśvíno rátho vartír yā́ti nṛpā́yyam ||
Translation
जब उषा, तुम अपनी रोशनी लेकर चलती हो। जब सूर्य के साथ मिलकर चमकती हो। तब अश्विन भाइयों का रथ चलना शुरू होता है। वो रथ आगे बढ़ता है। वो लोगों की हिफाज़त के लिए आता है।
Word by Word
यत्when
यत्:
Adhikaraṇa (काल-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) अथवा यत् (सम्बन्ध-निपात)
उषःO Dawn
उषः:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
यासिyou go / you come
यासि:
क्रिया (उषः = कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
भानुनाwith (your) radiance / beam
भानुना:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootभानु (प्रातिपदिक)
सम्together; fully
सम्:
— (क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सूर्येणwith the Sun
सूर्येण:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
रोचसेyou shine; you are radiant
रोचसे:
क्रिया (उषः = कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootरुच् (धातु) / रोच् (Vedic present stem)
आhither; towards
आ:
— (क्रियाविशेषण/उपसर्ग)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
हाlo! indeed
हा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा (निपात)
अयम्this
अयम्:
Kartā (of याति)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अश्विनोःof the Aśvins
अश्विनोः:
षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
रथःchariot
रथः:
Kartā (with अयम्)
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्तिःcourse; track; turning (path)
वर्तिः:
Kartā (apposition to रथः: ‘(as) a turning/track’)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
यातिgoes; comes
याति:
क्रिया (अयम् रथः/वर्तिः = कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
नृपाय्यम्to the princely/heroic (place/realm); worthy of a lord of men
नृपाय्यम्:
Karma (goal/object of motion)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootनृपाय्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘fit for/pertaining to a ruler/men’s lordship’)
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