Rig Veda 8.86.5: Mandala 8, Sukta 86, Mantra 5
Sukta 8.86
Rishi: Viśvaka
Devata: Savitṛ (Savitā)
Chandas: Jagatī (12-syllable cadence typical for longer pādas; refrain-like closing)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ऋतेन देवः सविता शमायत ऋतस्य शृङ्गमुर्विया वि पप्रथे । ऋतं सासाह महि चित्पृतन्यतो मा नो वि यौष्टं सख्या मुमोचतम् ॥
Transliteration
ṛtena devaḥ savitā śamāyate ṛtasya śṛṅgam urviyā vi paprathe | ṛtaṃ sasāha mahi cit pṛtanyato mā no vi yauṣṭaṃ sakhyā mumocatam ||
Translation
सविता देवता सचाई से शांत होते हैं। सचाई का हॉर्न वो फैला देते हैं चारों तरफ। बड़े से बड़े दुश्मन पर भी सचाई जीतती है। हमें अलग मत करो, दोस्ती का रिश्ता मत तोड़ो।
Word by Word
ऋतेनby/with ṛta (cosmic order, truth)
ऋतेन:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) / √ऋ (to go, to fit; semantic base of ṛta ‘cosmic order’)
देवःthe god
देवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
सविताSavitṛ
सविता:
कर्तृ (देवः सविता = apposition)
TypeNoun (proper/theonym)
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
शमायतbrought peace / made well-being
शमायत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√शम् (to be calm/benefit; ‘to bring peace’)
ऋतस्यof ṛta
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
शृङ्गम्horn; peak; summit
शृङ्गम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootशृङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
उर्वियाwith broadness / widely
उर्विया:
करण
TypeNoun/Adjective (f.)
Rootउर्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
(verb-modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
पप्रथेhas spread/expanded
पप्रथे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√प्रथ् (to spread, expand)
ऋतम्ṛta
ऋतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
सासाहhas conquered / has prevailed
सासाह:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सह् (to overcome, prevail)
महिgreatly, mightily
महि:
(modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमहि (अव्यय; from मह्/महन् ‘great’)
चित्indeed, even
चित्:
(modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (अव्यय)
पृतन्यतःof the battling/contending one (enemy)
पृतन्यतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive dependent on following pronoun/negation phrase)
TypeParticiple (adjectival)
Rootपृतन्यत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; from √पृतन्/पृतन्य् ‘to fight, contend’)
माdo not
मा:
(prohibition marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा (निषेध-अव्यय)
नःus / for us
नः:
सम्प्रदान/सम्बन्ध (for us / of us; context ‘against us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
विapart, asunder
वि:
(verb-modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यौष्टम्you two should not separate/unyoke (us)
यौष्टम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√युज्/√योज् (to yoke, join; Vedic caus./desid. nuance possible)
सख्याfriendship, alliance
सख्या:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
मुमोचतम्you two have released / let loose
मुमोचतम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मुच् (to release, let go)
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