Rig Veda 8.2.39: Mandala 8, Sukta 2, Mantra 39
Sukta 8.2
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kaṇva lineage; Kaṇvāḥ)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
य ऋते चिद्गास्पदेभ्यो दात्सखा नृभ्यः शचीवान् । ये अस्मिन्काममश्रियन् ॥
Transliteration
yá ṛté cid gā́spadébhyo dā́t sákhā nṛ́bhyaḥ śácī-vān | yé asmín kā́mam áśriyan ||
Translation
वो भगवान बिना किसी सहारे के भी रोशनी देता है। वो देने वाला और सच्चा दोस्त है। जैसे वीर लोगों का साथी है। जो लोग उसकी इच्छा में लगे हैं, उनको वो अपना बनाता है।
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
ऋतेwithout, except
ऋते:
अपादान (exclusion/exception)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते (avyaya; from √ऋ / ṛ ‘to go, be in order’ > ‘without, except’)
चित्even
चित्:
(particle/emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित् (avyaya)
गास्पदेभ्यःfrom the cow-stalls / from the cattle-places
गास्पदेभ्यः:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootगास्पद (prātipadika; ‘place/seat of cows’ = cow-stall, pasture; गा + स्पद/पद)
दात्gave
दात्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दाने)
सखा(as) a friend
सखा:
कर्तृ (apposition to यः)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (prātipadika)
नृभ्यःto the men
नृभ्यः:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (prātipadika)
शचीवान्the mighty/skillful one (Indra)
शचीवान्:
कर्तृ (qualifier of यः/सखा)
TypeAdjective
Rootशचीवत् (prātipadika; ‘possessing śacī’ = possessing power/skill; epithet of Indra)
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
अस्मिन्in this (one), in him
अस्मिन्:
अधिकरण
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
कामम्desire, wish
कामम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (prātipadika)
अश्रियनresorted to, took refuge in
अश्रियन:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√श्रि (श्रयणे ‘to lean on, resort to’)
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