Rig Veda 5.66.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 66, Mantra 5
Sukta 5.66
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya)
Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa (background); verse foregrounds ṛta and ṛṣi-function
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
तदृतं पृथिवि बृहच्छ्रवएष ऋषीणाम् । ज्रयसानावरं पृथ्वति क्षरन्ति यामभिः ॥
Transliteration
tád ṛtáṃ pṛthivi bṛhác chrava eṣé ṛ́ṣīṇām | jrayasānā́varaṃ pṛthv áti kṣaranti yā́mabhiḥ ||
Translation
यह धरम है, धरती। रिशियों की बड़ी कीर्ति है जो वो ढूंढते हैं। वो अपने रास्ते पर तेज़ी से चलते हैं। अपने ज्ञान को वो चारों तरफ फैलाते हैं।
Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (सम्बन्धेन—‘that/this’ as object/that-entity) / (contextual demonstrative)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतम्ṛta; cosmic order, truth
ऋतम्:
Karma / (apposition to तत्)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) < √ऋ (गतौ/ऋच्छति) (वैदिक ‘cosmic order, truth’)
पृथिविO Earth
पृथिवि:
(Address) — no kāraka; संबोधन
TypeNoun (vocative form) / Proper noun
Rootपृथिवी (प्रातिपदिक) < पृथु (विशाल) + -इवी
बृहत्great, vast
बृहत्:
Karma (as qualifier of ऋतम्) / appositional
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहन्त् (प्रातिपदिक) < √बृह् (वृद्धौ)
श्रवःfame, renown
श्रवः:
Karma / (apposition with ऋतम्—‘great fame/renown’)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √श्रु (श्रवणे)
एषःthis (is)
एषः:
Kartā (of implied ‘is/exists’) / deictic subject
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ऋषीणाम्of the seers
ऋषीणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive) — ‘of the seers’
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्रयसानthe swift-moving (streams/courses)
ज्रयसान:
Kartā (with क्षरन्ति)
TypeNoun/Adjective (Vedic)
Rootज्रयस् (प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक ‘swift course/impetuous movement’; cf. √ज्रि/√ज्रय् ‘to hasten’—Vedic)
अवरम्the lower (region), downward
अवरम्:
Karma (goal/extent: ‘to the lower region’)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootअवर (प्रातिपदिक) < अव (अधः)
पृथ्वतिwidely, in broad expanse
पृथ्वति:
Adhikaraṇa (locative of manner/extent)
TypeAdjective (locative) / Adverbial
Rootपृथु (प्रातिपदिक) + -वत् (मतुप्) → पृथ्वत् ‘broad, wide’
क्षरन्तिthey flow
क्षरन्ति:
(verbal action) — ‘flow’
TypeVerb
Root√क्षर् (स्रवणे/क्षरणे)
यामभिःwith (their) courses/paths
यामभिः:
Karaṇa (instrument/means: ‘by/with their courses’)
TypeNoun
Rootयाम (प्रातिपदिक; ‘course, going, path, march’; from √या ‘to go’)
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