Rig Veda 4.38.9: Mandala 4, Sukta 38, Mantra 9
Sukta 4.38
Rishi: Dadhikrāvan (hymnic subject) / Maṇḍala 4 collection
Devata: Dadhikrā (swift victor, community-advancing power)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उत स्मास्य पनयन्ति जना जूतिं कृष्टिप्रो अभिभूतिमाशोः । उतैनमाहुः समिथे वियन्तः परा दधिक्रा असरत्सहस्रैः ॥
Transliteration
utá smā́sya panayanti jánā jūtíṃ kṛṣṭipró abhíbhūtim āśóḥ | utáinaṃ āhuḥ samíthe víyantaḥ parā́ dadhikrā́ ásarat sahásraiḥ ||
Translation
लोग उसकी तारीफ़ करते हैं जब वो तेज़ी से आगे बढ़ता है। वो लोगों को जीत के साथ आगे ले जाता है। लोग लड़ाई में कहते हैं कि दधिक्रा हज़ार लोगों को पीछे छोड़ के आगे निकल गया है।
Word by Word
उतand, also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
स्मindeed, just
स्म:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्म
अस्यof him/this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अस्- pronominal stem)
पनयन्तिthey admire/praise
पनयन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootपन्/पण् (पनयति)
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
जूतिम्speed, swiftness
जूतिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootजूति (प्रातिपदिक)
कृष्टिप्रःforwarding/leading the peoples (tribes)
कृष्टिप्रः:
विशेषण (of implied subject: दधिक्राः/आशुः)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्टि + प्र (समास; प्र- as agentive/possessive element)
अभिभूतिम्overpowering might, conquest
अभिभूतिम्:
कर्म (with panayanti/āhuḥ: object of acclaim)
TypeNoun
Rootअभि-भूति (प्रातिपदिक)
आशोःof the swift one
आशोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootआशु (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand also
उत:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
एनम्him
एनम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्/इदम् (enad-pronoun)
आहुःthey call/say
आहुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअह् (ब्रू-अर्थे; आह)
समिथेin the battle
समिथे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमिथ (प्रातिपदिक)
वियन्तःstriving, contending
वियन्तः:
कर्तृ (of āhuḥ)
TypeParticiple
Rootवि-यत् (यत् ‘to strive/contend’, with वि-; present participle)
पराforth, away
परा:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरा
दधिक्राःDadhikrā (the swift steed/deity)
दधिक्राः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootदधि-क्रा (proper name; prātipadika)
असरत्sped, ran
असरत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootसृ (सरति)
सहस्रैःwith thousands (i.e., by thousands)
सहस्रैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
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