Rig Veda 4.31.15: Mandala 4, Sukta 31, Mantra 15
Sukta 4.31
Devata: Sūrya (explicitly addressed in this verse; within a hymn otherwise centered on Indra, indicating a momentary turn to the solar power of illumination)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (contextual)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अस्माकमुत्तमं कृधि श्रवो देवेषु सूर्य । वर्षिष्ठं द्यामिवोपरि ॥
Transliteration
asmā́kam uttamáṃ kṛdhi śrávo devéṣu sūrya | várṣiṣṭhaṃ dyā́m ivópari ||
Translation
हे सूर्य, हमारा नाम सबसे बड़ा बना दो। देवियों में हमारा नाम ऊपर रहे। जैसे आसमान सबसे ऊपर है, वैसे ही हमारा नाम भी ऊपर रहे। अपनी किरणें बरसाओ और हमारे ऊपर भेजो।
Word by Word
अस्माकम्of us / our
अस्माकम्:
सम्बन्ध (possessor/relational)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उत्तमम्the highest / best
उत्तमम्:
कर्म (object; predicate-object with कृधि)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम (प्रातिपदिक; उच्/उद्-तमा तुलनात्मक-उत्तम)
कृधिmake! / do! / grant!
कृधि:
क्रिया (imperative action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
श्रवःfame / glory / renown
श्रवः:
कर्म (that which is to be made/granted)
TypeNoun
Rootश्रवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
अधिकरण (locus: among)
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
सूर्यO Sūrya
सूर्य:
सम्बोधन (addressed deity)
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootसूर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
वर्षिष्ठम्the most excellent / best
वर्षिष्ठम्:
कर्म (object; further qualifier of श्रवः)
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्षिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; वर्षीयस्/वृध्-इष्ठ superlative)
द्याम्heaven / the sky
द्याम्:
उपमान-आधार (standard of comparison in simile)
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike / as
इव:
उपमान-चिह्न (simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (निपात)
उपरिabove / over
उपरि:
अधिकरण (spatial: above)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपरि (अव्यय)
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