Rig Veda Sukta 16
Mandala 2Sukta 167 Mantras

Sukta 16

Sukta 2.16

Rishi

Gṛtsamada Bhārgava (RV 2.16)

Chandas

Triṣṭubh (probable; verify with Anukramaṇī)

RV 2.16 is a seven-verse Triṣṭubh hymn in which Gṛtsamada offers a carefully “carried” praise like an oblation to the kindled fire, inviting Indra—ancient yet ever-young—to come to the Soma-pressings. The hymn exalts Indra as the daring Bull who receives the peoples’ resolve (kratu) and is urged to drink Soma with radiant strength, so that he may pour wealth and protection upon the worshippers.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 2.16

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • Indra

    Indra is praised as satāṃ jyeṣṭhatama (“eldest/foremost among the true”), ajurya (“undecaying”), a dhṛṣṇu (“daring”) vṛṣabha (“bull”) who is continually strengthened and invited to drink Soma; he responds to stuti and brings aid (avase).

Mantras

Mantra 1

प्र वः सतां ज्येष्ठतमाय सुष्टुतिमग्नाविव समिधाने हविर्भरे । इन्द्रमजुर्यं जरयन्तमुक्षितं सनाद्युवानमवसे हवामहे ॥

मैं अच्छा गाना लेकर आया हूँ, जैसे अग्नि में हवन डालते हैं। यह गाना इंद्र के लिए है जो सच्चे लोगों में सबसे बड़ा है। इंद्र कभी नहीं मरता, हमेशा ताज़ा रहता है, बल से भरा है। पुराना है फिर भी जवान है। हम उसे मदद के लिए बुला रहे हैं।

Mantra 2

यस्मादिन्द्राद्बृहतः किं चनेमृते विश्वान्यस्मिन्त्सम्भृताधि वीर्या । जठरे सोमं तन्वी सहो महो हस्ते वज्रं भरति शीर्षणि क्रतुम् ॥

इंद्र से कोई अलग नहीं हो सकता, थोड़ा भी नहीं। उसमें सारी ताकत भरी है। उसके पेट में सोम है, शरीर में बल और बड़ाई है। हाथ में वज्र है, सिर में बुद्धि है।

Mantra 3

न क्षोणीभ्यां परिभ्वे त इन्द्रियं न समुद्रैः पर्वतैरिन्द्र ते रथः । न ते वज्रमन्वश्नोति कश्चन यदाशुभिः पतसि योजना पुरु ॥

इंद्र, दोनों दुनिया भी तुम्हारी ताकत को नहीं पकड़ सकती। समुंदर और पहाड़ भी तुम्हारी रथ को रोक नहीं सकते। तुम्हारा वज्र इतना तेज़ है कि कोई उससे आगे नहीं बढ़ सकता। तुम अपने तेज़ घोड़ों के साथ दूर तक उड़ जाते हो।

Mantra 4

विश्वे ह्यस्मै यजताय धृष्णवे क्रतुं भरन्ति वृषभाय सश्चते । वृषा यजस्व हविषा विदुष्टरः पिबेन्द्र सोमं वृषभेण भानुना ॥

सब लोग इंद्र को बल देंगे जो बहुत हिम्मत वाला है। वो एक बड़े बलवान है, सब उसके साथ जुड़ते हैं। इंद्र, तुम सबसे ज़्यादा जानते हो, हवन करो और सोम पियो। तुम्हारी चमक भी एक बड़े बलवान जैसी है।

Mantra 5

वृष्णः कोशः पवते मध्व ऊर्मिर्वृषभान्नाय वृषभाय पातवे । वृषणाध्वर्यू वृषभासो अद्रयो वृषणं सोमं वृषभाय सुष्वति ॥

बड़ा बर्तन जिसमे सोम है वो बह रहा है। मीठा पानी बहा रहा है जो इंद्र के लिए खाना है और पीने के लिए है। पुजारी लोग पत्थर से सोम को निचोड़ते हैं। यह सब इंद्र के लिए है जो बड़ा बलवान है।

Mantra 6

वृषा ते वज्र उत ते वृषा रथो वृषणा हरी वृषभाण्यायुधा । वृष्णो मदस्य वृषभ त्वमीशिष इन्द्र सोमस्य वृषभस्य तृप्णुहि ॥

इंद्र, तुम्हारा वज्र भी एक बड़े बलवान जैसा है। तुम्हारी रथ भी ऐसी है, तुम्हारे घोड़े भी ऐसे हैं, तुम्हारे हथियार भी ऐसे हैं। तुम उस खुशी के मालिक हो जो बड़े बलवान लोगों की होती है। इंद्र, तुम सोम पियो और खुश रहो।

Mantra 7

प्र ते नावं न समने वचस्युवं ब्रह्मणा यामि सवनेषु दाधृषिः । कुविन्नो अस्य वचसो निबोधिषदिन्द्रमुत्सं न वसुनः सिचामहे ॥

मैं तुम्हारे पास आता हूँ जैसे कश्ती लेकर पानी में जाते हैं। मैं अपनी बात लेकर आया हूँ, सोम बनाते वक़्त। इंद्र, तुम हमारी बात सुनो। हम तुम्हे पुकारते हैं और तुमसे आशा रखते हैं कि तुम हमारे पास आओगे।

Inside Sukta 16

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    The poet ‘carries forward’ a well-made praise as if bearing an oblation to the kindled fire, calling Indra—ancient yet young—for help and protection (RV 2.16.1).

  2. Development

    Indra is progressively portrayed as the adorable, daring Bull to whom all bring kratu; he is urged to sacrifice/accept the offering and drink Soma with radiant, bull-like brilliance (notably RV 2.16.4).

  3. Climax

    The central ritual-theological turn: Indra’s Soma-drinking and radiance are invoked as the decisive means by which divine power becomes present and effective for the sacrificer.

  4. Where it settles

    The seer approaches Indra with mantra at the pressings like a boat to the crossing, asking Indra to heed the words and to be poured forth as an inexhaustible spring of wealth (RV 2.16.7).

The deity: Indra

  • Cosmic functionChampion of ṛta in the field of action: wielder of victorious power, breaker of obstacles, releaser of abundance, and protector who turns inspired will (kratu) into effective force.
  • Inner significanceThe awakened heroic consciousness—courage, clarity, and decisive energy—made luminous by Soma (ecstatic inspiration), enabling the seeker to cross inner conflict and unlock “streams” of prosperity and strength.

The seer

  • Gṛtsamada BhārgavaBhṛgu lineage (Bhārgava); traditionally linked with the Gṛtsamada/Gṛtsamāda family of seers · A principal seer of Maṇḍala 2, renowned for powerful Indra-hymns that combine vivid ritual imagery (hymn-as-oblation, Soma-pressings) with theological praise of Indra’s enduring youth and might.

Famous verses

sanād yuvānam
Verse 2.16.1Sets the hymn’s governing metaphor—praise as oblation—and frames Indra’s paradoxical nature (ancient yet young) while explicitly seeking aid (avase).Read verse 2.16.1 →
pibendra somaṃ
Verse 2.16.4A concise theological-ritual centerpiece: Indra as the daring Bull joined by all through kratu, then directly invited to drink Soma with radiant power.Read verse 2.16.4 →
indraṃ utsaṃ na vasunaḥ
Verse 2.16.7Memorable closing imagery: the mantra as a boat to the crossing and Indra as a fountain of riches, emphasizing attentive reception of speech and abundance.Read verse 2.16.7 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Bull-like strength (vṛṣabha)
  • Undecaying and ever-renewing (ajurya; ancient yet young)
  • Daring/impetuous power (dhṛṣṇu)
  • Soma-drinker who amplifies radiance
  • Giver of wealth and protection (avase; vasu)
  • Responsive to brahman (sacred speech) and stuti (praise)

Also by this seer

  • Primary attribution for much of Rigveda Maṇḍala 2 (numerous sūktas to Indra, Agni, and allied deities)
  • Associated with the Bhārgava stream of Vedic seership and its sacrificial-poetic style (stuti framed as havis/brahman)

The rite, step by step

  • Kindle/maintain the ritual fire and establish the offering context (hymn likened to havis brought to Agni).
  • Recite the Triṣṭubh stuti to Indra, praising him as foremost, undecaying, and ever-youthful.
  • Invite Indra to the Soma-pressing(s) (savana) and urge him to drink the prepared Soma.
  • Offer oblations while affirming communal kratu (shared resolve) joining Indra’s power.
  • Conclude with a request that Indra ‘notice’ the speech and pour riches like a spring/fountain.

Offerings

  • Soma (pressed and offered for Indra to drink)
  • Havis/oblations (e.g., ghee and sacrificial portions, as customary in the Soma rite)
  • Brahman/stuti (the hymn itself as a ritual offering)

Frequently Asked Questions

It invites Indra to come to the Soma-pressings, drink Soma, and then grant protection and riches to the worshippers who praise him.

It highlights Indra’s timeless power: he is ever-present from of old, yet always fresh and renewing in strength when invoked and offered Soma.

The “boat” suggests the mantra helps the worshipper cross difficulties by reaching Indra, and the “fountain” portrays Indra as an overflowing source of wealth and blessings when he responds to the hymn.

Ask anything about Sukta 16 of the Rig Veda

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