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Rig Veda 1.54.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 54, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.54

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditionally for RV 1.54)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh

अपामतिष्ठद्धरुणह्वरं तमोऽन्तर्वृत्रस्य जठरेषु पर्वतः । अभीमिन्द्रो नद्यो वव्रिणा हिता विश्वा अनुष्ठाः प्रवणेषु जिघ्नते ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.54.10

apā́m atiṣṭhad dharuṇáhvaraṃ támō'ntár vṛtrásya jaṭháreṣu párvataḥ | abhī́m índro nádyo vavríṇā hitā́ víśvā anuṣṭhā́ḥ praváṇeṣu jighnate ||

पहाड़ पानी के ऊपर खड़ा था, अंधेरा फैला हुआ था। वृत्र के पेट में यह सब था। इंद्र ने उस पहाड़ को दबा दिया। नदियां जो बंद थी, वो आज़ाद हो गई। अपना रास्ता ढूंढ़ के, वो भागने लगी।

अपाम्of the waters
अपाम्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक)
अतिष्ठत्stood / took position
अतिष्ठत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
धरुणह्वरम्the firm, winding/curving (channel/bed)
धरुणह्वरम्:
कर्म (to ‘atिष्ठत्’ as what/where it stood) / विशेष्य-विशेषणभाव
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootधरुण (प्रातिपदिक) + ह्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
तमःdarkness
तमः:
कर्म/विशेष्य (with following locative phrase)
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
अन्तःwithin
अन्तः:
अधिकरण-निर्देशक (spatial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्तर् (अव्यय/उपसर्गीय)
वृत्रस्यof Vṛtra
वृत्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
जठरेषुin the bellies / in the cavities
जठरेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootजठर (प्रातिपदिक)
पर्वतःthe mountain
पर्वतः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
अभीम्them/it (thereupon), towards
अभीम्:
कर्म (object pronoun)
TypeIndeclinable + Pronoun (enclitic)
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग) + इम् (एनक्लिटिक सर्वनाम)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नद्यःthe rivers
नद्यः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
वव्रिणाwith an enclosure / by a covering (obstruction)
वव्रिणा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootवव्रि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘enclosure/covering’, from √वृ ‘to cover’)
हिताःplaced, held back
हिताः:
कर्तृ/विशेषण (of नद्यः as ‘placed/held back’)
TypeAdjective (participle)
Root√धा > हित (कृदन्त, past participle)
विश्वाःall
विश्वाः:
विशेषण (of नद्यः/हिताः)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
अनुष्ठाःfollowing in order / in continuous course
अनुष्ठाः:
विशेषण (of नद्यः) / कर्तृसमानाधिकरण
TypeAdjective/Noun (Vedic)
Rootअनु-स्था (कृदन्त/विशेषण; ‘following/standing along’)
प्रवणेषुon the slopes / in the descents
प्रवणेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवण (प्रातिपदिक)
जिघ्नतेstrike, smite, break through
जिघ्नते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) with reduplication (जिघ्न-)

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