Rig Veda 1.47.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 47, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.47
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Aśvinau
Chandas: Jagati (probable for RV 1.47.1 due to longer line; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अयं वां मधुमत्तमः सुतः सोम ऋतावृधा । तमश्विना पिबतं तिरोअह्न्यं धत्तं रत्नानि दाशुषे ॥
Transliteration
ayáṃ vāṃ mádhumattamaḥ sutáḥ sóma ṛtāvṛdhā | tám aśvinā pibatam tiró-ahnyaṃ dhattáṃ rátnāni dāśúṣe ||
Translation
यह सोम रस इतना मीठा है जैसे शहद हो। अश्विनी कुमार, इसको पियो। यह रस दिन के बाद भी रहता है। जो देते हैं उनको ऐसे वर दो जो खजाने जैसा हो।
Word by Word
अयम्this (here)
अयम्:
Kartā (वाक्ये विषय-निर्देशः) / deictic subject
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वाम्for you two / of you two
वाम्:
Sampradāna (लाभार्थे) / beneficiary
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मधुमत्तमःmost honey-sweet / most delightful
मधुमत्तमः:
Kartā (सुतः सोमः) का विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुमत् (प्रातिपदिक) + तमप् (सुपरलेटिव) → मधुमत्तम
सुतःpressed (prepared)
सुतः:
Kartā (सोमः) / subject
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Root√सु (सुनोति ‘to press’) → सुत (कृदन्त, भूतकृत्/कर्मणि)
सोमःSoma
सोमः:
Kartā (पिबतं इत्यस्य पान-हेतुः/विषयः) / the offered drink
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतावृधाgrowing by ṛta / strengthening the cosmic order
ऋतावृधा:
Kartā (सोमः) का विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक) + √वृध् (to grow/increase) → वृध (कृदन्त) ; समासः: ऋत-आ-वृध (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-प्रायः) → ‘ऋतेन/ऋतस्य वृधः’
तम्that / it
तम्:
Karma (पिबतं—‘drink it’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अश्विनाO Aśvins
अश्विना:
Sambodhana (आह्वान) / addressed agents
TypeNoun (dual deity name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक; देवता-द्विवचन)
पिबतम्drink (you two)!
पिबतम्:
(क्रिया) — addressed Kartā (अश्विनौ)
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पिबति ‘to drink’)
तिरोअह्न्यम्kept through the day / lasting all day (day-long)
तिरोअह्न्यम्:
Karma (पेय-वस्तु) का विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootतिरस् (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थ) + अह्न्य (अहन् ‘day’ से व्युत्पन्न विशेषण) → समासः: तिरो-अह्न्य
धत्तम्place / bestow (you two)!
धत्तम्:
(क्रिया) — addressed Kartā (अश्विनौ)
TypeVerb
Root√धा (to place/put)
रत्नानिtreasures
रत्नानि:
Karma (धत्तम्—‘bestow treasures’)
TypeNoun
Rootरत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
दाशुषेto the giver / to the worshipper (patron)
दाशुषे:
Sampradāna (recipient)
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Root√दाश् (to give/offer; ‘to worship by gifts’) → दाशु (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक ‘giver, worshipper’)
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