Valmiki Ramayana 1.48.10: Bala Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 10

अहल्याशापवर्णनम्

The Account of Ahalyā’s Curse and the Deserted Hermitage near Mithilā

Devanagari script

तान् दृष्ट्वा मुनयस्सर्वे जनकस्य पुरीं शुभाम् ॥१०॥

साधु साध्विति शंसन्तो मिथिलां समपूजयन् ।

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 1.48.10

Transliteration

tān dṛṣṭvā munayassarve janakasya purīṃ śubhām ||10||

sādhu sādhviti śaṃsanto mithilāṃ samapūjayan |

Translation

जनक की शहर देख के सारे रिशि खुश हो गए। उन्होंने मिथिला की तारीफ की और कहा कि बहुत अच्छा है, बहुत अच्छा है।

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Word by Word

• tān: them
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; pronoun referring to rāghavau etc.

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), 'having seen'

• munayaḥ: sages
• munayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• sarve: all
• sarve: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; qualifying munayaḥ

• janakasya: of Janaka
• janakasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• purīm: city
• purīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: purī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• śubhām: auspicious, beautiful
• śubhām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying purīm

• sādhu: excellent!
• sādhu: Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sādhu (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya used as exclamation/particle (उद्गार)

• sādhu: excellent!
• sādhu: Sambodhana/Exclamation (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sādhu (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya, repetition for emphasis

• iti: thus
• iti: Vākyaprakāśaka (वाक्यप्रकाशक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, quotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)

• śaṃsantaḥ: praising, declaring
• śaṃsantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śaṃs (धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Puṃliṅga, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; agreeing with munayaḥ

• mithilām: Mithilā
• mithilām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mithilā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• samapūjayan: honoured, worshipped
• samapūjayan: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√pūj (धातु)
• Form: Laṅ (लङ्, imperfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahu-vacana (plural)

Context

All the ascetics, having seen that auspicious city of Janaka worshipfully admired Mithila saying, 'Excellent, Excellent'!

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• Mithilā
• munis (sages/ascetics)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as reverence for righteous realms and rulers: a city associated with virtue and sacred hospitality is honored by sages, showing that goodness is to be recognized and respected.

What is the narrative situation?

Viśvāmitra, Rāma, Lakṣmaṇa, and accompanying sages arrive at Mithilā; the sages behold the city and praise it aloud.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The sages’ discernment and devotion—recognizing auspiciousness and responding with respectful praise rather than indifference.