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Valmiki Ramayana 1.42.13-14: Bala Kanda, Sarga 42, Shlokas 13-14

गङ्गावतरण-प्रार्थना

Bhagīratha’s Petition for the Descent of Gaṅgā

तस्य वर्षसहस्राणि घोरे तपसि तिष्ठतः ॥१३॥

अतीतानि महाबाहो तस्य राज्ञो महात्मनः ।

सुप्रीतो भगवान् ब्रह्मा प्रजानां पतिरीश्वरः ॥१४॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 1.42.13-14

tasya varṣasahasrāṇi ghore tapasi tiṣṭhataḥ ||13||

atītāni mahābāho tasya rājño mahātmanaḥ |

suprīto bhagavān brahmā prajānāṃ patir īśvaraḥ ||14||

वो राजा हज़ारों साल तक बहुत सख्ती से तपस्या करता रहा। टाइम बीत गया, वो भी बहुत सारा। फिर ब्रह्मा खुश हो गए। ब्रह्मा सब लोगों के गुरु हैं, सबकी देखभाल करते हैं।

तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः; of him)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
वर्षसहस्राणिthousands of years
वर्षसहस्राणि:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण; duration)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṣa + sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (varṣāṇāṃ sahasrāṇi)
घोरेterrible/rigorous
घोरे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; agrees with तपसि)
TypeAdjective
Rootghora (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of तपसि)
तपसिin penance
तपसि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण; in austerity)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
तिष्ठतःwhile (he) persisted
तिष्ठतः:
Karta (कर्ता; agent in participial clause)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (स्था) धातु
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle), षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; 'of (him) standing/continuing'
अतीतानिhad passed
अतीतानि:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate with implied 'became/passed')
TypeAdjective
Rootatīta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; वर्षसहस्राणि इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
महाबाहोO mighty-armed one
महाबाहो:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (mahā bāhū yasya)
तस्यof that
तस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः; of that)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः; of the king)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
महात्मनःof the great-souled one
महात्मनः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः; genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (mahān ātmā yasya) qualifying राज्ञः
सुप्रीतःhighly pleased
सुप्रीतः:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu + prīta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; predicate of ब्रह्मा
भगवान्the blessed lord
भगवान्:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of ब्रह्मा)
ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता; subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम
प्रजानाम्of creatures/people
प्रजानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः; of creatures)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), बहुवचन
पतिःlord
पतिः:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ब्रह्मणः उपाधि (title)
ईश्वरःsovereign
ईश्वरः:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; पतिः इति समानाधिकरणम्

O mighty-armed, (Rama)! Bhagiratha continued in that state for a thousand years amidst rigid austerities. Lord of all creatures, Brahma was highly pleased with that illustrious king.

B
Bhagiratha
B
Brahmā
R
Rāma (Mahābāhu)

FAQs

Dharma is validated through sustained tapas aligned with a righteous purpose; divine approval comes when effort is truthful, disciplined, and directed toward a just end.

After long austerities by Bhagiratha, Brahmā becomes pleased—signaling that a boon or divine intervention is imminent.

Endurance and unwavering commitment over time—Bhagiratha’s steadfast tapas that does not waver even across vast spans.

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