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Valmiki Ramayana 1.18.30: Bala Kanda, Sarga 18, Shloka 30

पुत्रजन्मोत्सवः · Birth of the Princes and Viśvāmitra’s Arrival

Bālakāṇḍa 18

यदा हि हयमारूढो मृगयां याति राघवः ॥३०॥

तदैनं पृष्ठतोऽन्वेति सधनुः परिपालयन् ।

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 1.18.30

yadā hi hayamārūḍho mṛgayāṁ yāti rāghavaḥ ||30||

tadainaṁ pṛṣṭhato ’nveti sadhanuḥ paripālayan |

जब भी राम घोड़े पे सवार होके शिकार को जाते थे, लक्ष्मण पीछे चलता था। उसके हाथ में धनुष होता था। वो राम की हिफाज़त करता था।

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal conjunction)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle)
हयम्horse
हयम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootहय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; ‘आ-रूढ’ इत्यस्य कर्म
आरूढःmounted
आरूढः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootआ + रुह् (धातु) → आरूढ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण (राघवः)
मृगयाम्hunting
मृगयाम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमृगया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; गमनस्य कर्म/उद्देश्य
यातिgoes
याति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
राघवःRāghava (Rāma)
राघवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराघव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (then)
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
पृष्ठतःfrom behind/behind
पृष्ठतः:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृष्ठतः (अव्यय)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय; देशवाचक (spatial adverb) ‘from behind/behind’
अन्वेतिfollows
अन्वेति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + इ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन
सधनुःwith a bow
सधनुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootस-धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः/सह-समासः (धनुषा सह)
परिपालयन्protecting/guarding
परिपालयन्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + पाल् (धातु) → परिपालयत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृविशेषण (लक्ष्मणः implied)

Whenever Raghava (Rama) went hunting into the forest, riding the horse, Lakshmana used to follow him holding bow and arrows (in his hand).

R
Rāghava (Rāma)
L
Lakṣmaṇa
H
horse
B
bow (dhanuḥ)

FAQs

Protective duty (rakṣaṇa) as dharma: Lakṣmaṇa embodies vigilant service, placing the safety of the righteous leader above personal ease.

The narrator depicts a recurring scene from the princes’ youth: Rāma goes out hunting, and Lakṣmaṇa accompanies him as an armed protector.

Lakṣmaṇa’s guardianship, readiness, and unwavering companionship.

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