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Valmiki Ramayana 1.1.18: Bala Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 18

श्रीमद्रामायणकथासङ्क्षेपः / The Ramayana in Synopsis

Narada’s Summary to Valmiki

विष्णुना सदृशो वीर्ये सोमवत्प्रियदर्शनः ।

कालाग्निसदृशः क्रोधे क्षमया पृथिवीसमः ॥१८॥

धनदेन समस्त्यागे सत्ये धर्म इवापरः ।

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 1.1.18

viṣṇunā sadṛśo vīrye somavat priyadarśanaḥ |

kālāgnisadṛśaḥ krodhe kṣamayā pṛthivīsamaḥ ||18||

dhanadena samas tyāge satye dharma ivāparaḥ |

विष्णु जैसा पावरफुल था। चेहरा इतना अच्छा था जैसे चाँद। गुस्सा आए तोह जैसे आग लग जाए। इतना पेशेंट था जैसे धरती। दान में कुबेर जैसा। और सच बोलने में धरम का बेटा था।

विष्णुनाwith/like Viṣṇu
विष्णुना:
Upamāna-sahita (उपमान-सहित) — standard in comparison (‘like Viṣṇu’)
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
सदृशःsimilar
सदृशः:
Karta (कर्ता) — qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘X-ना सदृशः’ construction
वीर्येin prowess
वीर्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण) — respect (‘in prowess’)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
सोमवत्like the moon
सोमवत्:
Upamā (उपमा) — comparative adjunct
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसोम + वत् (प्रातिपदिक/तद्धितान्त)
Formवत्-प्रत्ययान्त उपमा-निपातवत् प्रयोगः; अव्ययवत् (comparative adverbial ‘like Soma/moon’)
प्रिय-दर्शनःpleasing to behold
प्रिय-दर्शनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय + दर्शन (प्रातिपदिक); दर्शन (head)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘प्रियं दर्शनं यस्य’
काल-अग्नि-सदृशःlike the fire of dissolution
काल-अग्नि-सदृशः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootकाल + अग्नि + सदृश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘कालाग्निना सदृशः’
क्रोधेin anger
क्रोधे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण) — respect (‘in anger’)
TypeNoun
Rootक्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
क्षमयाby patience
क्षमया:
Karana (करण) — by/with patience
TypeNoun
Rootक्षमा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
पृथिवी-समःlike the earth
पृथिवी-समः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootपृथिवी + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: ‘पृथिव्या समः’
धनदेनwith/like Kubera (Dhanada)
धनदेन:
Upamāna-sahita (उपमान-सहित)
TypeNoun
Rootधनद (प्रातिपदिक; Kubera)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
समःequal
समः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
त्यागेin charity/giving
त्यागे:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण) — respect (‘in generosity’)
TypeNoun
Rootत्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
सत्येin truth
सत्ये:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण) — respect (‘in truthfulness’)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन
धर्मःDharma (as a deity/principle)
धर्मः:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; उपमान
इवlike
इव:
Upamā (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय
अपरःanother (as if a second)
अपरः:
Karta (कर्ता) — qualifier
TypeAdjective
Rootअपर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (another/second)

Sri Rama is like Visnu in prowess, the Moon in pleasing appearance, the all-consuming fire in anger, the earth in patience, Kubera in chartiy and the Sun in steadfastness.

R
Rāma
V
Viṣṇu
S
Soma (Moon)
K
Kālāgni (cosmic fire)
P
Pṛthivī (Earth)
D
Dhanada (Kubera)
D
Dharma

FAQs

The verse frames dharma as a harmony of powers: strength restrained by patience, rightful anger against wrong, generosity, and unwavering truth (satya).

Nārada continues his portrait of Rāma, using divine analogies to communicate the ethical ideal of a righteous ruler.

Truthfulness (satya) and righteousness (dharma) as defining traits, supported by patience and principled strength.

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