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Valmiki Ramayana 2.50.51: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 50, Shloka 51

गङ्गादर्शनम् तथा गुहसमागमः

Vision of the Gaṅgā and Meeting with Guha

तथा शयानस्य ततोऽस्य धीमतो यशस्विनो दाशरथेर्महात्मनः ।

अदृष्टदुःखस्य सुखोचितस्य सा तदाव्यतीयाय चिरेण शर्वरी ॥५१॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.50.51

tathā śayānasya tato ’sya dhīmato yaśasvino dāśarather mahātmanaḥ |

adṛṣṭaduḥkhasya sukhocitasya sā tadā vyatīyāya cireṇa śarvarī ||51||

राम ज़मीन पर लेटा था। वो बड़े घर का बेटा था, आराम से रहता था। कभी दुख नहीं देखा था उसने। रात गुज़र रही थी, पर बहुत लंबी लग रही थी। कैसे सोएं ऐसे में, यह सोच के।

तथाthus
तथा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: ‘thus/in that manner’)
शयानस्यof (him) lying down
शयानस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootशी (धातु) + शयान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of (him) lying down’
ततःthen
ततः:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: ‘then/thereafter’)
अस्यof him (this one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन (of this/him)
धीमतःof the wise
धीमतः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the intelligent’
यशस्विनःof the renowned
यशस्विनः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootयशस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the illustrious’
दाशरथेःof Daśaratha’s son
दाशरथेः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootदाशरथि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the son of Daśaratha’
महात्मनःof the great-souled
महात्मनः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootमहात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘of the great-souled’
अदृष्ट-दुःखस्यof one who had not seen suffering
अदृष्ट-दुःखस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootअ + दृष्ट (कृदन्त, क्त) + दुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (दुःखं न दृष्टं यस्य = who has not seen sorrow); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
सुख-उचितस्यof one accustomed to comfort
सुख-उचितस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeAdjective
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक) + उचित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (सुखे उचितः = accustomed to comfort); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन
साthat
सा:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘that (night)’
तदाthen
तदा:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb: ‘then/at that time’)
व्यतीयायpassed/elapsed
व्यतीयाय:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अति + इ (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘passed by/elapsed’
चिरेणafter a long time
चिरेण:
कालाधिकरण (Time adjunct)
TypeNoun
Rootचिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग-प्रयोग (here adverbial), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental of time), एकवचन; ‘after a long time/slowly’
शर्वरीnight
शर्वरी:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशर्वरी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सा इत्यस्य विशेष्य

As the wise, illustrious, magnanimous son of Dasaratha (Rama) who was used to pleasures and not discomfort lay on the ground, the long night slipped away.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē pañcāśassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the fiftieth sarga of Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

R
Rama
D
Daśaratha
N
night (śarvarī)

FAQs

Dharma is endurance: even one raised in comfort bears hardship without abandoning righteousness.

Rama spends the night on the ground during exile; the narrator highlights the contrast between his former comfort and present austerity.

Kṣānti (forbearance) and inner steadiness amid suffering.

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