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Valmiki Ramayana 2.48.1-2: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 48, Shlokas 1-2

अयोध्यायाः शोकवर्णनम्

Ayodhya’s Lament and Civic Desolation

तेषामेवं विषण्णानां पीडितानामतीव च ।

बाष्पविप्लुतनेत्राणां सशोकानां मुमूर्षया ॥१॥

अनुगम्य निवृत्तानां रामं नगरवासिनाम् ।

उद्गतानीव सत्वानि बभूवुरमनस्विनाम् ॥२॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.48.1-2

teṣām evaṁ viṣaṇṇānāṁ pīḍitānām atīva ca |

bāṣpa-vipluta-netrāṇāṁ saśokānāṁ mumūrṣayā ||1||

anugamya nivṛttānāṁ rāmaṁ nagaravāsinām |

udgatānīva satvāni babhūvur amanasvinām ||2||

जो नगर वाले राम के पीछे गए थे, वो वापस आए। पर उनका दिल टूट गया था। आँखों में आँसू थे, मन में दर्द था। जैसे उनकी जान ही निकल गई हो, ऐसे लग रहे थे।

तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
एवम्thus
एवम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (manner adverb)
विषण्णानाम्of the dejected
विषण्णानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootविषण्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; विशेषण तेषाम्
पीडितानाम्of the afflicted
पीडितानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपीडित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त)
अतीवexceedingly
अतीव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—degree)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव (अव्यय)
Formअतिशयार्थक-अव्यय (intensifier)
चand
च:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
बाष्प-विप्लुत-नेत्राणाम्of those whose eyes were flooded with tears
बाष्प-विप्लुत-नेत्राणाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootबाष्प (प्रातिपदिक) + विप्लुत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + नेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः (बाष्पेण विप्लुतानि नेत्राणि येषाम्)
स-शोकानाम्of the grief-stricken
स-शोकानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootशोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः/सह-समासः (शोकेन सह)
मुमूर्षयाwith a wish to die
मुमूर्षया:
Hetu (हेतु—cause)
TypeNoun
Rootमुमूर्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; भाववाचक (desire to die)
अनुगम्यhaving followed
अनुगम्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-गम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive)
निवृत्तानाम्of those who had returned
निवृत्तानाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-वृत् (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; विशेषण नगरवासिनाम्
रामम्Rama
रामम्:
Karma (कर्म—object of following)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
नगर-वासिनाम्of the city-dwellers
नगर-वासिनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootनगर (प्रातिपदिक) + वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (नगरे वासिनः)
उद्गतानिgone out/risen (as if leaving)
उद्गतानि:
Karta (कर्ता—qualifier of सत्वानि)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-गम् (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषण सत्वानि
इवas if
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—comparison)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमार्थक-अव्यय
सत्वानिvital energies/spirits
सत्वानि:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
बभूवुःbecame/were
बभूवुः:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
अ-मनस्विनाम्of the dispirited
अ-मनस्विनाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध—genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootमनस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; नञ्-प्रत्यय (negation)

The people afflicted with sorrow followed Rama and returned to the city deeply distressed. Eyes overflowing with tears, they longed for death. Smitten with grief, they lost their high-mindedness and looked as if their life had been drained out.

R
Rāma
A
Ayodhya (implied by 'city-dwellers')
C
Citizens (nagaravāsin)

FAQs

The verse highlights the social and moral shock when dharma-centered leadership is removed: the people’s anguish signals how deeply a righteous ruler anchors collective well-being.

The citizens, having tried to accompany Rāma after his exile and then returning to Ayodhya, are depicted in extreme sorrow and emotional collapse.

Rāma’s perceived righteousness and trustworthiness—so central that separation from him drains the citizens’ courage and vitality.

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