Valmiki Ramayana 2.45.4: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 4

अयोध्यावासिजनानुरागः · The People and Brahmins Follow Rama toward Exile

Devanagari script

स याच्यमानः काकुत्स्थः स्वाभिः प्रकृतिभिस्तदा ।

कुर्वाणः पितरं सत्यं वनमेवान्वपद्यत ॥४॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.45.4

Transliteration

sa yācyamānaḥ kākutsthaḥ svābhiḥ prakṛtibhis tadā |

kurvāṇaḥ pitaraṃ satyaṃ vanam evānvapadyata ||4||

Translation

लोगों ने बहुत मना किया, पर राम ने अपने बाप का वादा पूरा करना था। वो वन के लिए निकल गए, क्योंकि उनके बाप ने सच बोला था।

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Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• yācyamānaḥ: being entreated
• yācyamānaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of saḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √yāc (धातु; याच्)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Śānac (present passive participle): 'being begged/entreated'

• kākutsthaḥ: Kakutstha (Rama)
• kākutsthaḥ: Karta (कर्ता; apposition to saḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kākutstha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; proper epithet

• svābhiḥ: by his own
• svābhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Ins, 3rd), Bahuvacana; agrees with prakṛtibhiḥ

• prakṛtibhiḥ: by the subjects
• prakṛtibhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prakṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana; 'subjects/citizens'

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Kāla-avyaya (temporal adverb)

• kurvāṇaḥ: doing/making
• kurvāṇaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of saḥ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √kṛ (धातु; कृ)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Śatṛ (present active participle)

• pitaram: his father
• pitaram: Karma (कर्म; object of kurvāṇaḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• satyam: true (to his promise)
• satyam: Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्मसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: satya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; predicative complement with pitaram: 'true (to his word)'

• vanam: the forest
• vanam: Karma (कर्म; goal as object with motion verb)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa (emphasis)

• anvapadyata: proceeded (to)
• anvapadyata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√pad (धातु; पद्)
• Form: Laṅ (Imperfect), Ātmanepada, Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; 'followed/entered upon'

Context

Although entreated by his subjects (not to go) Rama proceeded to the forest to make his father's vow come true.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Ayodhyā (implied via citizens)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Satya and dharma are upheld through obedience to a rightful vow: Rāma prioritizes his father’s pledged word over personal comfort and public pleading.

What is the narrative situation?

As Rāma departs for exile, the citizens beg him to stay; nevertheless, he continues toward the forest to ensure Daśaratha’s promise is not falsified.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity and steadfastness (dṛḍha-vrata): Rāma remains unwavering in truthfulness and duty despite emotional pressure.