Valmiki Ramayana 2.43.15: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 43, Shloka 15

कौशल्याविलापः · Kausalya’s Lament and the Vision of Rama’s Return

Spoken by Kausalya to DasharathaSetting: Ayodhyā

Devanagari script

कदासुमनसः कन्याद्विजातीनां फलानि च ।

प्रदिशन्तः पुरीं हृष्टाः करिष्यन्ति प्रदक्षिणम् ॥१५॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.43.15

Transliteration

kadā sumanasaḥ kanyādvijātīnāṃ phalāni ca |

pradiśantaḥ purīṃ hṛṣṭāḥ kariṣyanti pradakṣiṇam ||15||

Translation

कब यह खुशी से शहर का चक्कर लगाएंगे? कब देखेंगे कि छोटे-छोटे लड़कियाँ और ब्राह्मण लोग उन्हे फूल और फल दे रहे हैं?

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Word by Word

• कदा: when?
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (interrogative)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/temporal)

• सुमनसः: flowers
• Type: Noun
• Root: sumanas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (collective), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object given)

• कन्या-द्विजातीनाम्: of/for girls and brahmins
• Type: Noun
• Root: kanyā (प्रातिपदिक) + dvijāti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (कन्याश्च द्विजातयश्च)
• Role: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Compound: Dvandva

• फलानि: fruits
• Type: Noun
• Root: phala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object given)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः/coordination)

• प्रदिशन्तः: while giving/offering
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√diś (धातु)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता/Agent)

• पुरीम्: the city
• Type: Noun
• Root: purī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Object of circling)

• हृष्टाः: delighted
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; √hṛṣ)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्
• Role: Visheshana (विशेषण)

• करिष्यन्ति: will do
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम्
• Role: Kriya (क्रिया)

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत् (accusative of manner)
• Role: Karma (कर्म/Thing done)

Sandhi Notes

• कदासुमनसः = कदा + सुमनसः
• कन्याद्विजातीनाम् = कन्या + द्विजातीनाम्

Context

When will I see them delightfully moving round the city with young brahmin girls offering them flowers and fruits.

The teaching

Public honor (maṅgala) offered to the dhārmika becomes a balm for private grief; remembrance of righteous order steadies the mind.

Ethical theme

Sāmājika-dharma (civic reverence)

For your practice

Smaraṇa-bhāvanā: holding an auspicious vision of the righteous one to counter despair; suitable for japa with visualization.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Karuna (compassion), with Shringara (love)

Mood

Yearning, auspicious, civic-joy-remembered

Themes

• Dharma
• Satya
• Auspicious rites
• Social order (varṇa-āśrama)
• Public celebration
• Itihasa

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Ayodhyā (implied)
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• dvija (brāhmaṇas/twice-born)
• flowers (sumanas)
• fruits (phala)
• pradakṣiṇā (circumambulation)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects dharma as shared auspicious practice: community honor (flowers/fruits) and pradakṣiṇā symbolize reverence for righteous leadership and harmonious social participation.

What is the narrative situation?

Kausalyā imagines ceremonial स्वागत (welcome) rituals accompanying the brothers’ return, including public offerings and auspicious circling.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The brothers’ worthiness of honor (yaśas and dhārmic stature), shown by the community’s eager, respectful reception.