Valmiki Ramayana 2.113.8: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 113, Shloka 8

पादुकाप्रदानं भरतस्य निवृत्तिश्च

The Sandals Bestowed; Bharata’s Return Toward Ayodhya

Setting: Bharadvāja-āśrama (Prayāga region)Places named: PrayāgaDialogue pause during Bharata’s onward journey to Rāma

Devanagari script

एवमुक्त स्स तु ततो भरद्वाजेन धीमता ।

प्रत्युवाच भरद्वाजं भरतो धर्मवत्सलः ॥८॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.113.8

Transliteration

evam uktaḥ sa tu tato bharadvājena dhīmatā |

pratyuvāca bharadvājaṃ bharato dharmavatsalaḥ ||8||

Translation

Modern Hindi

जब भरद्वाज ने यह कहा, तो भरत ने जवाब दिया। भरत धरम के बहुत पक्के थे, इसलिए उन्होंने समझा-धज के बात की।

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Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb: thus)
• Role: Prakara-adhikarana (प्रकार-अधिकरण)

• उक्तः: having been addressed
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘having been addressed/said to’
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• सः: he (Bharata)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• तु: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विरोध/अन्वय (but/indeed)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)

• ततः: thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; ‘thereafter’
• Role: Kala-adhikarana (काल-अधिकरण)

• भरद्वाजेन: by Bharadvaja
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरद्वाज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन
• Role: Karana (करण)

• धीमता: by the wise
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धीमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन; विशेषण (भरद्वाजेन)
• Role: Karana (करण)

• प्रत्युवाच: replied
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्रति-उप-√वच् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार; प्रथम-पुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद
• Role: Kriya (क्रिया)

• भरद्वाजम्: to Bharadvaja
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरद्वाज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया; एकवचन
• Role: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)

• भरतः: Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)

• धर्मवत्सलः: devoted to righteousness
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-वत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (धर्मे वत्सलः = devoted to dharma); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; विशेषण (भरतः)
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Compound: Tatpurusha

Sandhi Notes

• एवम् + उक्तः → एवमुक्तः

Context

Having been thus addressed by wise Bharadwaja, Bharata, devoted to righteousness, replied:

The teaching

Dharma expresses itself as measured speech—truth told with humility to the wise.

Duties in tension

• Speaking truthfully about painful political realities
• Maintaining reverence toward elders and institutions while correcting wrongs

Ethical theme

Satya and sadācāra (right conduct)

How it resolves

Truthful reporting within respectful dialogue

For your practice

Practice of dhārmika speech: pause, reflect, respond without agitation; cultivate dharma-vatsalatā as daily intention.

Mood and themes

Rasa

Shanta (peace), with Vira (heroism)

Mood

Composed, dutiful, earnest

Themes

• Dharma
• Satya
• Characterization
• Itihasa

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvāja
• Bharata

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Bharata is explicitly marked as dharmavatsala—devoted to dharma—signaling that his response and choices are to be understood through the lens of righteousness and truthfulness.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration transitions from Bharadvāja’s question to Bharata’s reply, highlighting Bharata’s moral disposition before he speaks.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s steadfast commitment to dharma—his identity is defined by ethical loyalty rather than ambition.