Valmiki Ramayana 2.113.18: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 113, Shloka 18

पादुकाप्रदानं भरतस्य निवृत्तिश्च

The Sandals Bestowed; Bharata’s Return Toward Ayodhya

Setting: Bharadvāja-āśrama (Prayāga region)Departure preparations from the hermitage

Devanagari script

तमृषिं तु महात्मानमुक्तवाक्यं कृताञ्जलिः ।

आमन्त्रयितुमारेभे चरणावुपगृह्य च ॥१८॥

Recitation with translationValmiki Ramayana 2.113.18

Transliteration

tam ṛṣiṃ tu mahātmānam uktavākyaṃ kṛtāñjaliḥ |

āmantrayitum ārebhe caraṇāv upagṛhya ca ||18||

Translation

फिर भरत ने हाथ जोड़े और उस बड़े रिशि के पास गया। उसके पास पकड़ के उससे निकलने की इजाज़त माँगी।

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• tam: that (him)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• ṛṣim: sage
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṛṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); apposition to tam
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• tu: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)
• Role: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)

• mahātmānam: great-souled
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying ṛṣim
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)

• uktavākyam: who had spoken (thus)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vac (वच् धातु) + vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि: ‘one whose speech is spoken’ = ‘having spoken’), formed with PPP ukta (क्त) + vākya; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying ṛṣim
• Role: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Compound: Bahuvrihi

• kṛtāñjaliḥ: with folded palms
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta + añjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Bahuvrīhi (बहुव्रीहि: ‘one with hands joined’), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
• Role: Karta (कर्ता)
• Compound: Bahuvrihi

• āmantrayitum: to take leave
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-mantr (आमन्त्र् धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्), ‘to take leave / to request permission’
• Role: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)

• ārebhe: began
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-rabh (आरभ् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
• Role: Kriyā (क्रिया)

• caraṇau: (his) two feet
• Type: Noun
• Root: caraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Dual (द्विवचन)
• Role: Karma (कर्म)

• upagṛhya: having clasped
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-grah (उपग्रह् धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having clasped/held’
• Role: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)

• ca: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction particle (समुच्चय-निपात)
• Role: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)

Sandhi Notes

• tamṛṣiṃ → tam + ṛṣim
• mahātmānamuktavākyaṃ → mahātmānam + uktavākyam
• āmantrayitumārebhe → āmantrayitum + ārebhe
• caraṇāvupagṛhya → caraṇau + upagṛhya

Context

Hearing the words of the magnanimous Bharadwaja, Bharata paid his respect, folding his palms, and clasping the feet of the sage and sought his permission to leave.

The teaching

Before undertaking weighty action, one should honor and take leave of the wise with humility—dharma begins with vinaya.

Ethical theme

Ācāra (proper conduct)

Devotion and practice

Embodied practice of namaskāra and guru-vandana; supports humility and receptivity before major decisions.

Form of praise

Vandana (salutation)

Mood and themes

Rasa

Shanta (peace)

Mood

Humble, ritualistic, composed

Themes

• Dharma
• Satya
• Guru-bhakti (reverence to sages)
• Ethics
• Itihasa

Symbolism

Relationships

Cross references

Meter and recitation

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Bharadvāja

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Reverence and humility toward spiritual elders: seeking permission and honoring sages is part of dharmic conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

After being praised and counseled, Bharata respectfully takes leave of Bharadvāja.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vinaya (humility) expressed through respectful ritual gestures (añjali, touching feet).