Atharva Veda 8.9.3: Kanda 8, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 9, Mantra 3

Sukta 9

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

यानि॒ त्रीणि॑ बृ॒हन्ति॑ येषां॑ चतु॒र्थं वि॑यु॒नक्ति॒ वाच॑म्। ब्र॒ह्मैन॑द् विद्या॒त् तप॑सा विप॒श्चिद् यस्मि॒न्नेकं॑ यु॒ज्यते॒ यस्मि॒न्नेक॑म्

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 8.9.3

IAST Transliteration

yā́ni trī́ṇi bṛhánti yeṣā́ṃ caturtháṃ viyunákti vā́cam | bráhmaínad vidyā́t tápasā vipaścíd yásminn ékaṃ yujyáte yásminn ékam

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Those three are vast, of which the fourth distinguisheth the Speech apart: this let the discerning man, by holy heat, know as Brahman—wherein the One is yoked, wherein the One (alone) is joined.

Translation

तीन चीज़ें बड़ी हैं और चौथी बानी को अलग करती है। जो समझदार है वो तप से जान ले कि यह ब्रह्मा है। जहाँ एक जुड़ता है, वही सच है।

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Word by Word

• यानि: which (things), whatever (things)
• यानि: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• त्रीणि: three
• त्रीणि: Karma
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• बृहन्ति: great, lofty
• बृहन्ति: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• येषाम्: of which
• येषाम्: Sambandha (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• चतुर्थम्: the fourth
• चतुर्थम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर्थ (क्रमवाचक-प्रातिपदिक)

• वियुनक्ति: separates, distinguishes
• वियुनक्ति: Kartā (implicit subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु) — वि + युनक्ति

• वाचम्: speech
• वाचम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (स्त्री-प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्म: Brahman; sacred power/absolute
• ब्रह्म: Karma (vidyāt इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक)

• एनत्: this (it)
• एनत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; वैदिक-रूपम् ‘एनद्/एनत्’)

• विद्यात्: should know
• विद्यात्: Kartā (implicit: ‘one/knower’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (धातु)

• तपसा: by austerity, by tapas
• तपसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक)

• विपश्चित्: the wise one, the discerning
• विपश्चित्: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विपश्चित् (विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: Karma
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: एक (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• युज्यते: is yoked/joined, is united
• युज्यते: Kartā (implicit; passive/middle sense)
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (धातु)

• यस्मिन्: in which
• यस्मिन्: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• एकम्: one
• एकम्: Karma
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: एक (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Traditionally associated with speculative Atharvanic seers; often linked to Kāśyapa-line in this hymn’s frame (cf. 8.9.7).

Devata: Brahman / Vāc / Virāj (metre-personification, implicit).

Chandas: Mixed/Speculative (metre-discourse); not a simple single chandas declaration—content is metrical-theological.

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta