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Atharva Veda 5.19.10: Kanda 5, Anuvaka 2, Sukta 19, Mantra 10

Sukta 19

वि॒षमे॒तद् दे॒वकृ॑तं॒ राजा॒ वरु॑णोऽब्रवीत्। न ब्रा॑ह्म॒णस्य॒ गां ज॒ग्ध्वा रा॒ष्ट्रे जा॑गार॒ कश्च॒न

Recitation with translationAtharva Veda 5.19.10

viṣamám etád devákṛtaṃ rājā́ váruṇo ’bravīt | ná brāhmaṇásya gā́ṃ jágdhvā rāṣṭré jāgā́ra káścana ||

‘A perilous thing is this, ordained of gods,’ King Varuṇa hath proclaimed: ‘No man, having eaten the Brahman’s cow, within the realm keepeth watch in safety.’

राजा वरुण ने कहा कि यह बहुत खतरनाक बात है। जो शख्स ब्राह्मण की गाय चुरा के खाता है, वो उस राज्य में कभी सेफ नहीं रह सकता। यह देवताओं का नियम है।

विषमेin/at a difficult (uneven) situation
विषमे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम (प्रातिपदिक)
एतत्this
एतत्:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
देवकृतम्done by the gods; divinely wrought
देवकृतम्:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootदेव + कृत (कृ-धातोः क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; प्रातिपदिक)
राजाthe king
राजा:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
वरुणःVaruṇa
वरुणः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
अब्रवीत्said; spoke
अब्रवीत्:
—
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
ब्राह्मणस्यof a brāhmaṇa
ब्राह्मणस्य:
सम्बन्धः (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
गाम्a cow
गाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
जग्ध्वाhaving eaten
जग्ध्वा:
—
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्/ग्रस्? → जघ् (धातु ‘जघ्/जक्ष्’ = to eat) + त्वा (क्त्वा)
राष्ट्रेin the realm/kingdom
राष्ट्रे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
जागारstayed awake; kept watch
जागार:
—
TypeVerb
Rootजागृ (धातु)
कश्चनanyone; someone (at all)
कश्चन:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootक (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + चन (निपात)

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition; Varuṇa-centered exemplum (verify Anukramaṇī)

Devata: Varuṇa (as king and moral governor); brahman-property taboo

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (to be confirmed)

Primary: bhayankara

Secondary: shanta

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