Arthashastra 3.5.32: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 5, Sutra 32
Devanagari script
ग्रासाच्छादनमितरे पतितवर्जाः ॥
Transliteration
grāsācchādanam itare patita-varjāḥ
Translation
बाकी लोगों को खाना और कपड़े मिलेंगे। लेकिन जो आदमी गिरा हुआ है, उसको यह भी नहीं मिलेगा।
Word by Word
ग्रासa morsel; a ration/food-portion
ग्रास:
TypeNoun
Rootग्रास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)
आच्छादनम्covering; clothing (provision of clothes)
आच्छादनम्:
TypeNoun
Rootआ-छद् (छादन) → आच्छादन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासोत्तरपद)
ग्रास-आच्छादनम्food and clothing (maintenance provisions)
ग्रास-आच्छादनम्:
TypeCompound
Root—
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘ग्रास’ + ‘आच्छादनम्’ (समाहार-द्वन्द्व-रूपेण एकवचन-नपुंसकप्रयोगः)
इतरेthe others; the remaining (persons)
इतरे:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootइतर (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘अन्ये’ इत्यर्थे
पतित-वर्जाःexcluding the fallen/outcast persons
पतित-वर्जाः:
TypeCompound
Rootपतित (√पत् + क्त) + वर्ज (√वृज्/वर्ज् ‘to exclude’) → वर्ज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘पतिताः वर्ज्याः येषां ते’/‘पतितान् वर्जयन्ति ये ते’—अर्थतः ‘पतितान् वर्जयित्वा’ (others, excluding the fallen/outcast)
Entities Mentioned
E
excluded heirsP
patitaFAQs
It mandates a subsistence floor (food/clothing) for most excluded persons, but uses total exclusion for the patita as a deterrent and moral-legal penalty.
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