Arthashastra 3.20.12: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 20, Sutra 12

Devanagari script

अक्षभूमिहस्तदोषाणां चाप्रतिषेधने द्विगुणो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०३.२०.१२ ॥

Recitation with translationArthashastra 3.20.12

Transliteration

akṣabhūmihastadoṣāṇāṃ cāpratiṣedhane dviguṇo daṇḍaḥ

Translation

अगर कोई पांसे में या गेम की जगह में चीटिंग करे, या हाथ से कोई हरकत करे, और अधिकारी उसे रोके नहीं, तो उसकी सज़ा डबल लगेगी।

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Word by Word

• अक्षभूमिहस्तदोषाणाम्: of the faults/irregularities connected with dice, the gaming-ground, and the hand (play/handling)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दोष
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन; समासः: अक्ष-भूमि-हस्त-दोष (अक्षस्य/अक्षे, भूमेः/भूमौ, हस्तस्य/हस्ते दोषाः) → तेषाम्

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• अप्रतिषेधने: in (the case of) non-prohibition / failure to prevent
• Type: Noun (action-noun)
• Root: प्रतिषेध (√सिध्/√षिध् + प्रति + नि/ध?)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग भाववाचक; सप्तमी-एकवचन; नञ्-समास/उपसर्गपूर्वक: अ-प्रतिषेधन = प्रतिषेधस्य अभावः

• द्विगुणः: double (in amount)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुण
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; दण्डः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्

• दण्डः: the penalty/fine
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्तृ/विधेय-रूपेण (विधीयते)

Entities Mentioned

• akṣa (dice)

More Details

FAQs

Who is effectively being targeted by the ‘double penalty’ for non-prevention?

Primarily the responsible officials/venue managers: the rule creates a strong duty of care to actively stop rigging rather than passively observe it.