Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 41

शैवधर्मप्रशंसा तथा पञ्चविधसाधनविभागः / Praise of Śaiva Dharma and the Fivefold Classification of Practice

Devanagari script

दशार्थज्ञानसिद्ध्यर्थमिन्द्रियेष्वेषु सत्स्वपि । त्रिकालभाविनो भावान्स्थूलान्सूक्ष्मानशेषतः

Transliteration

daśārthajñānasiddhyarthamindriyeṣveṣu satsvapi | trikālabhāvino bhāvānsthūlānsūkṣmānaśeṣataḥ

Translation

इन इन्द्रियों के विद्यमान होने पर भी, दश तत्त्वों के सिद्ध ज्ञान की प्राप्ति हेतु, भूत‑वर्तमान‑भविष्य—तीनों कालों में होने वाले स्थूल और सूक्ष्म भावों को बिना शेष के भलीभाँति जानना चाहिए।

Word by Word

• दशार्थज्ञानसिद्ध्यर्थम्: for the accomplishment of knowledge of the ten meanings/principles
• दशार्थज्ञानसिद्ध्यर्थम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश + अर्थ + ज्ञान + सिद्धि + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (Neuter; Accusative; Singular); समास-समूह: दश-अर्थ (षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः) + ज्ञान (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + सिद्धि (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) + अर्थम् (चतुर्थी-तत्पुरुष-प्रायः ‘...सिद्ध्यर्थम्’ = for the accomplishment of ...)

• इन्द्रियेषु: in the senses
• इन्द्रियेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Neuter; Locative; Plural)

• एषु: in these
• एषु: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier of इन्द्रियेषु)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Pronoun used adjectivally; Neuter; Locative; Plural)

• सत्सु: even when (they) exist/are present
• सत्सु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण—locative absolute with अपि)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत् (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-प्रायः)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Neuter; Locative; Plural)

• अपि: even, also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-भाव (particle: even/also)

• त्रिकालभाविनः: existing in the three times (past/present/future)
• त्रिकालभाविनः: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier of भावान्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि + काल + भाविन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Masculine; Accusative; Plural); समास: त्रिकालस्य भाविनः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• भावान्: entities, states, things
• भावान्: Karma (कर्म/object—things to be considered/known)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Masculine; Accusative; Plural)

• स्थूलान्: gross
• स्थूलान्: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier of भावान्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्थूल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Masculine; Accusative; Plural)

• सूक्ष्मान्: subtle
• सूक्ष्मान्: Visheshana (विशेषण/modifier of भावान्)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सूक्ष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन (Masculine; Accusative; Plural)

• अशेषतः: entirely, without remainder
• अशेषतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अशेषतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Shakti Dimension

Role: teaching

Cosmic Context

Cosmic Event: trikāla-bhāva (past–present–future) as epistemic scope

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches that liberation-oriented knowledge (tattva-jñāna) requires discerning all experience—gross and subtle—across time, rather than being led by the senses; this supports Shaiva Siddhanta’s aim of moving from pasha-bound perception to Pati-realization.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

Linga-worship steadies the mind and refines perception so the aspirant can discriminate tattvas; through Saguna devotion one transcends sensory fixation and gains the clarity needed for true knowledge of Shiva as Pati.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

Practice sense-restraint with japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and meditative inquiry into tattvas—observing gross and subtle experiences without attachment—supported by regular Shiva-puja and inner contemplation.