Shloka 49

गङ्गादर्शनम् तथा गुहसमागमः

Vision of the Gaṅgā and Meeting with Guha

Devanagari script

तस्य भूमौ शयानस्य पादौ प्रक्षाल्य लक्ष्मणः।सभार्यस्य ततोऽभ्येत्य तस्थौ वृक्षमुपाश्रितः।।2.50.49।।

Transliteration

tasya bhūmau śayānasya pādau prakṣālya lakṣmaṇaḥ |

sabhāryasya tato ’bhyetya tasthau vṛkṣam upāśritaḥ || 2.50.49 ||

Translation

भूमि पर पत्नी सहित शयन करते हुए उनके चरण लक्ष्मण ने धोए; फिर लौटकर वह एक वृक्ष का आश्रय लेकर खड़ा रहा।

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग-सम्भव (context: ‘of him’)

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: अधिकरण (Locative/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन (Singular)

• शयानस्य: of (him) lying down
• शयानस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शी (धातु) + शयान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present participle, middle sense)

• पादौ: (his) two feet
• पादौ: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/Karma), द्विवचन (Dual)

• प्रक्षाल्य: having washed
• प्रक्षाल्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + क्षल् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive), ‘having washed’

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/Karta), एकवचन

• स-भार्यस्य: of (him) with his wife
• स-भार्यस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय) + भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास (possessive: ‘having a wife/with his consort’); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (qualifying ‘tasya’)

• ततः: then/from there
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable adverb)

• अभ्येत्य: having approached
• अभ्येत्य: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund): ‘having approached/come near’

• तस्थौ: stood
• तस्थौ: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• वृक्षम्: a tree
• वृक्षम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; गत्यर्थे उपाश्रितः इत्यस्य कर्म (object of resorting)

• उपाश्रितः: having taken refuge (against/under)
• उपाश्रितः: कर्ता-विशेषण (Predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + श्रि (धातु) + आश्रित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक, क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘having taken refuge/leaning against’

Context

Lakshmana washed the feet of Rama who along with his consort lay upon the ground, and returned to take rest under the tree.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• Sītā
• Lakṣmaṇa
• tree (vṛkṣa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is loving service within family duty: Lakṣmaṇa expresses righteousness through humble attendance upon Rama.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama and Sītā rest on the ground; Lakṣmaṇa washes Rama’s feet and keeps nearby under a tree.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bhrātṛ-bhakti (devotion to one’s brother) and vigilant care.