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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 20, Shloka 41

अयोध्याकाण्डे विंशः सर्गः

Rama Enters Kauśalyā’s Antaḥpura; Ritual Preparations and the Shock of Exile

त्वयि सन्निहितेऽप्येवमहमासं निराकृता।किं पुनः प्रोषिते तात ध्रुवं मरणमेव मे।।।।

tvayi sannihite ’py evam aham āsaṃ nirākṛtā | kiṃ punaḥ proṣite tāta dhruvaṃ maraṇam eva me ||

हे तात! तुम्हारे समीप रहते हुए भी मुझे तिरस्कृत-सी किया गया; फिर जब तुम वनवास में दूर रहोगे, तब तो मेरे लिए निश्चय ही मृत्यु ही होगी।

त्वयिin/when you
त्वयि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Locative (7/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
सन्निहितेbeing nearby/present
सन्निहिते:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ni-hita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Locative (7/सप्तमी), Singular; Masculine/Neuter form used with tvayi; from √dhā with ni + sam (निहित) meaning 'present/near'
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, concessive particle (अपि = even)
एवम्thus/in this way
एवम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb (प्रकार)
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular
आसम्was
आसम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
FormLaṅ (लङ्, imperfect/past), Parasmaipada, Uttama-puruṣa, Singular
निराकृताrejected/repulsed
निराकृता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnir-ā-kṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (क्त) from √kṛ with nir+ā; Feminine, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular; predicate to aham
किम्what
किम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInterrogative pronoun, Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
पुनःthen again/how much more
पुनः:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunar (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb (पुनः = again/more so)
प्रोषितेwhen (you are) away
प्रोषिते:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootproṣita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKta participle from √vas with pra (प्रोषित = gone away/absent), Locative (7/सप्तमी), Singular; used with implied tvayi
तातdear child
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8/सम्बोधन), Singular
ध्रुवम्certainly
ध्रुवम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhruva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; adverbial predicate (निश्चयेन)
मरणम्death
मरणम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, emphatic particle (निश्चय/अवधारण)
मेfor me
मे:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma, Dative (4/चतुर्थी), Singular

O child! even when you are nearby I am neglected like this. What to say when you are banished. Death is certain to me.

K
Kausalyā
R
Rāma

FAQs

The verse raises the dharmic tension between public duty and private care: the righteous path must also consider obligations toward parents, whose well-being is traditionally a strong component of dharma.

Kausalyā fears that Rāma’s departure will remove her last support and that she will not survive the separation.

Rāma’s filial centrality is implied—his mere presence is portrayed as life-sustaining for his mother.