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Shloka 63

Viśokā Dvādaśī Vow, Guḍa-Dhenū (Jaggery-Cow) Gift, and Śaila-Dāna (Mountain-Charity) Rites

चंद्रार्कशक्रशक्तिर्या सा धेनुर्वरदास्तु मे । स्वधा त्वं पितृमुख्यानां स्वाहा यज्ञभुजां यतः

caṃdrārkaśakraśaktiryā sā dhenurvaradāstu me | svadhā tvaṃ pitṛmukhyānāṃ svāhā yajñabhujāṃ yataḥ

जो चन्द्र, सूर्य, इन्द्र और शक्ति की सामर्थ्य है, वह वरदायिनी धेनु मुझे वर दे। तुम पितृ-प्रधानों के लिए ‘स्वधा’ हो और ‘स्वाहा’ हो, जिसके द्वारा यज्ञ-भोजी देवों तक हवि पहुँचती है।

candra-arka-śakra-śaktiḥthe power (of Moon, Sun, Indra)
candra-arka-śakra-śaktiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootcandra (चन्द्र) + arka (अर्क) + śakra (शक्र) + śakti (शक्ति)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; multi-member dvandva ‘the power of Moon, Sun, Indra’ (as a collective)
she who
:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
she
:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; demonstrative pronoun (correlative to yā)
dhenuḥthe cow
dhenuḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootdhenu (धेनु प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
vara-dāboon-giving
vara-dā:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootvara (वर) + dā (दा/दातृ from √dā)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; तत्पुरुष ‘giver of boons’ used as adjective
astumay (she) be
astu:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (अस् धातु)
FormLoṭ (लोट्/imperative), Parasmaipada; 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
mefor me/to me
me:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (अस्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormDative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; enclitic form
svadhāSvadhā
svadhā:
Karta (कर्ता; vocative-like address in sense)
TypeNoun
Rootsvadhā (स्वधा प्रातिपदिक/मन्त्रपद)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ritual term/personified
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (युष्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; 2nd person pronoun
pitṛ-mukhyānāmof the foremost ancestors
pitṛ-mukhyānām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (पितृ) + mukhya (मुख्य)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; तत्पुरुष ‘of the chief among the Pitṛs/ancestors’
svāhāsvāhā
svāhā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/ritual utterance)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvāhā (अव्यय/मन्त्रपद)
FormAvyaya; mantra-exclamation (स्वाहा)
yajña-bhujāmof the sacrifice-partakers
yajña-bhujām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootyajña (यज्ञ) + bhuj (भुज्/भुज् प्रातिपदिक ‘eater/partaker’)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; तत्पुरुष ‘of the partakers of sacrifice’ (i.e., gods)
yataḥbecause/whence
yataḥ:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyatas (यतस् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; causal/relative adverb (हेतु/यतस्)

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Type: celestial_realm

Sandhi Resolution Notes: caṃdrārkaśakraśaktir-yā = caṃdra-arka-śakra-śaktiḥ + yā; dhenurvaradāstu = dhenuḥ + varadā + astu.

C
Candra (Moon)
A
Arka/Sūrya (Sun)
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
Ś
Śakti
D
Dhenu (divine cow)
S
Svadhā
S
Svāhā
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
Y
Yajña-bhuj (gods who receive offerings)

FAQs

Svadhā is the ritual invocation associated with offerings to the Pitṛs (ancestors), while Svāhā is the invocation used when offering into fire for the gods; the verse identifies the divine principle as the channel by which offerings properly reach their intended recipients.

They represent major cosmic and divine powers—luminaries, sovereignty, and energy—suggesting that the praised divine Cow embodies or supports these forces, making her a universal source of nourishment and efficacy in rites.

It emphasizes reverence for the sacred principles that sustain ritual order: honoring ancestors (Pitṛs) and gods through correct invocations, and recognizing a single divine support behind multiple forms of cosmic power.