Shloka 76

Adhyaya 49 — Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

Sanskrit

वर्णानामाश्रमाणाञ्च धर्मान् धर्मभृतां वर ।

लोकानां सर्ववर्णानां सम्यग्धर्मार्थपालिनाम् ॥

Transliteration

varṇānām āśramāṇāṃ ca dharmān dharmabhṛtāṃ vara | lokānāṃ sarvavarṇānāṃ samyag dharmārthapālinām ||

Translation

हे धर्म-धारकों में श्रेष्ठ, तब उसने लोकों के लिए वर्णों और आश्रमों के कर्तव्यों की स्थापना की—ताकि सभी वर्ग उचित रूप से धर्म और अर्थ का पालन कर सकें।

Word by Word

• वर्णानाम्: of the social classes (varṇas)
• वर्णानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• आश्रमाणाम्: of the life-stages (āśramas)
• आश्रमाणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• धर्मान्: duties/laws
• धर्मान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन (Plural)

• धर्मभृताम्: of the upholders of dharma
• धर्मभृताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + भृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ('bearers of dharma')

• वर: O best one
• वर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)

• लोकानाम्: of the worlds/people
• लोकानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural)

• सर्ववर्णानाम्: of all classes
• सर्ववर्णानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुषप्रायः ('of all varṇas')

• सम्यक्: properly
• सम्यक्: Prakāra (प्रकार/Mode)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सम्यक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: properly/rightly)

• धर्मार्थपालिनाम्: of those who uphold dharma and artha
• धर्मार्थपालिनाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म + अर्थ + पालिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुषः (धर्मस्य च अर्थस्य च पालिनः = 'protectors of dharma and artha')

Speakers

• Not specified in input (a vocative indicates an addressed listener
• identity not given here)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Varṇāśrama-dharma
• Social ethics
• Balance of dharma and artha
• Governance and order

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

A stable society integrates spiritual duty (dharma) with material welfare (artha) through role- and life-stage–appropriate responsibilities.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Ācāra/dharma material embedded in purāṇic discourse; it undergirds Manvantara functioning by defining how humans live within a given age.

What is the esoteric significance?

Varṇa and āśrama can be read as inner ‘modes’ and ‘stages’ of growth; dharma is the harmonizing principle that aligns one’s capacities (guṇa) with right action.