Shloka 94

Adhyaya 21Householder's Dharma

तद्वीर्यादधिकं यस्तु पुनरन्यत् स्वशक्तितः ।

निष्पादयति तं प्राज्ञाः प्रवादन्ति नरोत्तमम् ॥

tadvīryādadhikaṃ yastu punaranyat svaśaktitaḥ / niṣpādayati taṃ prājñāḥ pravadanti narottamam

पर जो अपने ही बल से, पितृदत्त पराक्रम से भी आगे बढ़कर कुछ अधिक और महान कर दिखाता है, उसे विद्वान पुरुषोत्तम कहते हैं।

तत्than that
तत्:
Apadana (अपादान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormDemonstrative pronoun, Neuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular; in sense 'than that' with अधिकम्
वीर्यात्from/than (that) valor
वीर्यात्:
Apadana (अपादान/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular
अधिकम्more/greater
अधिकम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; used substantively 'something more'
यःwho
यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
तुindeed/but
तु:
Discourse particle (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात)
पुनःagain/further
पुनः:
Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
अन्यत्something else
अन्यत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; 'another (thing)'
स्व-शक्तितःby/through one’s own strength
स्व-शक्तितः:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक) + शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAblatival adverb (तसिल्-प्रत्यय/अव्ययीभाव), 'from one's own power/according to one's capacity'
निष्पादयतिaccomplishes/produces
निष्पादयति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootनिष्-√पद्/पाद् (धातु) [causative/denominative sense: निष्पादयति]
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
प्राज्ञाःthe wise (people)
प्राज्ञाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
प्रवादन्तिdeclare/call
प्रवादन्ति:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वद् (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
नर-उत्तमम्the best of men
नर-उत्तमम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object complement)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; समासः—तत्पुरुष (narāṇām uttamaḥ)
King (didactic voice) continuing his evaluative teaching

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Self-effort (puruṣakāra)Excellence beyond inheritanceMerit hierarchyDharma and achievement

FAQs

The highest human type is defined by self-effort joined to virtue: one honors the past but does not depend on it—he adds new value through discipline, courage, and responsible agency.

Didactic dharma statement within vaṃśānucarita narrative setting; it is not cosmological enumeration but ethical classification attached to lineage discourse.

‘Surpassing inherited valor’ points to transcending conditioning: moving beyond what is merely given (birth/saṃskāra) into consciously cultivated excellence—spiritual evolution through deliberate practice.