Shloka 39

Devanagari script

संजय उवाच इत्युक्तवति गाज़ेये अभिवाद्योपमन्त्रय च । राधेयो रथमारुह् प्रायात्‌ तव सुतं प्रति

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca ity uktavati gāṅgeye abhivādyopamantrya ca | rādheyo ratham āruhya prāyāt tava sutaṃ prati ||

Translation

संजय बोले—राजन्! गंगानन्दन भीष्म के ऐसा कहने पर राधानन्दन कर्ण ने उन्हें प्रणाम किया, उनकी सम्मति लेकर, रथ पर आरूढ़ होकर आपके पुत्र दुर्योधन के पास प्रस्थान किया।

Word by Word

• संजयः: Sanjaya
• संजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: संजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• उक्तवति: when (she/he) had spoken; upon (someone) having said
• उक्तवति: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उक्तवत्
• Form: Feminine, Locative, Singular

• गाङ्गेये: in/when Bhishma (son of Ganga)
• गाङ्गेये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गाङ्गेय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + वद्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Active

• उपमन्त्र्य: having taken counsel/received instruction
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + मन्त्र्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Active

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• राधेयः: Radheya (Karna)
• राधेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आरुह्य: having mounted
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + रुह्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Active

• प्रायात्: went forth; departed
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + या
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तव: your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• सुतम्: son
• सुतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुत
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• प्रति: towards; to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रति

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Bhishma (Ganga-nandana / Gangeya)
• Karna (Radheya)
• Dhritarashtra (implied by 'tava')
• Duryodhana (implied by 'tava suta')
• chariot

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even in a war setting, dharmic discipline is shown through respectful salutation to elders, receiving counsel, and acting within the accepted chain of command; personal valor is framed by propriety and guidance.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Bhishma finishes speaking, Karna bows to him, takes his counsel/permission, mounts his chariot, and goes to meet Dhritarashtra’s son—Duryodhana.