Brahma Purana — Apsaroyugam Tirtha: The Confluence that Grants Worldly Enjoyment and Liberation, Shloka 5
Devanagari script
स्पर्धासीन् महती ब्रह्मन् विश्वामित्रवसिष्ठयोः तपस्यन्तं गाधिसुतं ब्राह्मण्यार्थे यतव्रतम् //
Translation
यह पंचम श्लोक है—गुरु-प्रसाद से ज्ञान की उत्पत्ति और शांति का निरूपण किया गया है।
Word by Word
spardhārivalry / contest
spardhā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootspardhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
āsītwas
āsīt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (अस् धातु)
FormLaṅ lakāra (Imperfect/Past), Prathama puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana (Singular)
mahatīgreat
mahatī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
brahmanO Brahmin (sage)
brahman:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Sambodhana (Vocative), Ekavacana (Singular)
viśvāmitra-vasiṣṭhayoḥof Viśvāmitra and Vasiṣṭha
viśvāmitra-vasiṣṭhayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootviśvāmitra (प्रातिपदिक) + vasiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDvandva (pair); Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive, 6th), Dvivacana (Dual)
tapasyantamperforming austerities
tapasyantam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Root√tapas (तपस्/तप् धातु)
FormKridanta: Śatṛ (present active participle) masculine; Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
gādhi-sutamthe son of Gādhi (Viśvāmitra)
gādhi-sutam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgādhi (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (ṣaṣṭhī: ‘son of Gādhi’); Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
brāhmaṇya-arthefor the sake of brahmin status
brāhmaṇya-arthe:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇya (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (caturthī/ṣaṣṭhī sense: ‘for the sake of brahminhood’); Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative, 7th), Ekavacana (Singular) used as purpose-locative
yata-vratamof restrained vows / vow-observant
yata-vratam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootyata (कृदन्त; √yam यम्) + vrata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya (‘disciplined in vows’); Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)
Speaker
Narrator (to Nārada) recounting an earlier episode; vocative 'brahman' appears as a conventional address within narration