Mantra 1

Sukta 104

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

शत्रुनाशनम्। आदानेन संदानेनामित्राना द्यामसि । अपाना ये चैषां प्राणा असुनासून्त्समच्छिदन्

IAST Transliteration

śatrunā́śanam | ādā́nena saṃdā́nena amítrān dyā́masi | apānā́ yé ca eṣā́ṃ prāṇā́ ásunā́ asū́n sám-acchidan

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Enemy-destruction. By seizure and by binding-fast we bind the foes; their downward breaths and their life-breaths—by (their own) life-force—have wholly cut off their lives.

Translation

शत्रुनाशन। ग्रहण और बन्धन के द्वारा हम शत्रुओं को बाँधते हैं। उनके अपान और प्राण—अपने ही असु (जीवन-शक्ति) से—उनके प्राणों को पूर्णतः काट दें।

Word by Word

• शत्रुनाशनम्: (this is) ‘enemy-destruction’; a charm for destroying enemies
• शत्रुनाशनम्: Karma (उद्देश्य/विषय) अथवा विधेय-नाम
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: शत्रु-नाशन (प्रातिपदिक; नाशन < √नश्/नाश् ‘नाशयति’)

• आदानेन: by (means of) taking/appropriation
• आदानेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: आदान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘taking/receiving’)

• संदानेन: by (means of) binding/tying together
• संदानेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: संदान (प्रातिपदिक; ‘binding/fastening; joining’)

• अमित्राणाम्: of the foes/enemies
• अमित्राणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• द्याम्: the heaven/sky
• द्याम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्या/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक)

• असि: you are
• असि: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (भू)

• अपानाः: the downward breaths (apānas)
• अपानाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपान (प्रातिपदिक)

• ये: who/which
• ये: Kartā (अपानाः इत्यस्य विशेषण-सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एषाम्: of these (of them)
• एषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• प्राणाः: the life-breaths (prāṇas)
• प्राणाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)

• असुनासून्: the breaths and the nostrils
• असुनासून्: Karma
• Type: Noun (dvandva compound)
• Root: असु (प्रातिपदिक) + नासु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘nose/nostril’)

• समच्छिदन्: they cut off / severed completely
• समच्छिदन्: (क्रिया) —
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + √छिद् (छिनत्ति)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasa tradition (typical for śatrunāśana material)

Devata: Indra-Agni complex implied in the cycle; here the operative power is the mantra’s bandhana and prāṇa-theory

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"raudra","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From decisive grasping to tightening constraint to final severance.","listener_experience":"Austere, forceful, boundary-setting; evokes controlled aggression.","intensity":8}