Mantra 1

Sukta 120

यदिन्द्र प्रागपागुदङ्न्यग् वा हूयसे नृभिः । सिमा पुरू नृषूतो अस्यानवेऽसि प्रशर्ध तुर्वशे

yádi índra prā́g apā́g úd-aṅ nyàg vā hūyáse nṛ́bhiḥ | símā purū́ nṛ-sū́to asyā́nave ’si praśardha turváśe

If, Indra, eastward or westward, northward or downward, thou art called by men, within the many bounds—thou, driver-on of heroes, art for this Anu’s son: press on in onset against the Turvaśa.

यदि, इन्द्र, पूर्व की ओर या पश्चिम की ओर, उत्तर की ओर या नीचे की ओर, मनुष्यों द्वारा तुझे पुकारा जाता है—इन अनेक सीमाओं के भीतर—हे वीरों को आगे हाँकने वाले, तू इस अनु-पुत्र के लिए है; तुर्वश के विरुद्ध आक्रमण में दबाव डाल, प्रहार कर।

यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र
प्राक्eastward / to the front
प्राक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्राक्
अपाक्westward / away
अपाक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपाक्
उदक्northward / upward
उदक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउदक्
न्यक्downward / southward
न्यक्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन्यक्
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
हूयसेyou are called / invoked
हूयसे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootह्वा (√ह्वा)
नृभिःby men
नृभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
सीम्indeed / just
सीम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसीम्
पुरूmuch; many times
पुरू:
TypeAdjective
Rootपुरु
नृषूतः(you) the charioteer/driver of men (epithet of Indra)
नृषूतः:
Kartā (of ‘असि’)
TypeNoun (epithet)
Rootनृषूत (नृ + सूत)
असिyou are
असि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (√अस्)
अस्यof this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (अस्य = इदम्-प्रातिपदिक)
अनवेalong/after; in support
अनवे:
TypeIndeclinable (preverb used adverbially)
Rootअनु
प्रशर्धattack! overpower!
प्रशर्ध:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-शर्ध् (√शर्ध्)
तुर्वशेfor/against Turvaśa (the Turvaśa)
तुर्वशे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (tribal name)
Rootतुर्वश

Rishi: Kāṇva / RV-derived attribution (Book 20 is predominantly Rigvedic material in Atharvan arrangement)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (RV-style; AV Book 20 commonly preserves RV meters)

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Summons from all directions → recognition of Indra’s role → decisive command to attack.","listener_experience":"Rallying courage, strategic clarity, and protective confidence.","intensity":8}