Mantra 3

Sukta 7

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

सन इन्द्रः शिवः सखाश्वावद् गोमद् यवमत्। उरुधारेव दोहते

IAST Transliteration

sánaḥ índraḥ śiváḥ sákhāśvāvád gómad yávamat | urúdhāreva dohate ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

For us may Indra—kindly Friend—yield wealth of steeds, of cattle, and of barley, as one that milketh like a broad-flowing stream.

Translation

हमारे लिए इन्द्र—शिव, सखा—अश्व-सम्पदा, गो-सम्पदा और यव (जौ) की समृद्धि प्रदान करें; जैसे विस्तृत-धारा वाली नदी दूध-सी धार बहाती है।

Word by Word

• सन: ever, always
• सन: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सन (avyaya; from √सन्/सन् ‘to gain, obtain’ > particle ‘always/ever’)

• इन्द्रः: Indra
• इन्द्रः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• शिवः: auspicious, gracious
• शिवः: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)

• सखा: friend
• सखा: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सखि (प्रातिपदिक; stem सखि-, nom. sg. सखा)

• अश्वावत्: having horses
• अश्वावत्: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अश्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक; अश्व + वत् ‘possessing horses’)

• गोमत्: having cattle
• गोमत्: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गोमत् (प्रातिपदिक; गो + मत् ‘possessing cows’)

• यवमत्: having barley
• यवमत्: Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यवमत् (प्रातिपदिक; यव + मत् ‘possessing barley’)

• उरुधारेव: like a broad stream
• उरुधारेव: Kartā (उपमान-कर्तृभावः; क्रियायाः प्रकारनिर्देशः)
• Type: Noun + Indeclinable (simile compound in pada)
• Root: उरुधारा (प्रातिपदिक; उरु ‘wide’ + धारा ‘stream’) + इव (उपमा-अव्यय)

• दोहते: milks, yields (abundantly)
• दोहते: (मुख्यक्रिया) — कर्ता: इन्द्रः (पूर्वोक्तः)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दुह् (दुहँ प्रपूरणे/दोहने ‘to milk’)

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance; attributed per the corresponding RV hymn’s seer in traditional indices.

Devata: Indra (as śiva-sakhā, beneficent ally)

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From petition to felt abundance and calm assurance.","listener_experience":"Warmth, trust, contentment; sense of being supported.","intensity":4}