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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 1

शङ्खचूडस्य मायायुद्धं तथा माहेश्वरास्त्रप्रभावः | Śaṅkhacūḍa’s Māyā-Warfare and the Power of the Māheśvara Astra

Devanagari script

सनत्कुमार उवाच । स्वबलं निहतं दृष्ट्वा मुख्यं बहुतरं ततः । तथा वीरान् प्राणसमान् चुकोपातीव दानवः

Transliteration

sanatkumāra uvāca | svabalaṃ nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā mukhyaṃ bahutaraṃ tataḥ | tathā vīrān prāṇasamān cukopātīva dānavaḥ

Translation

સનત્કુમારે કહ્યું—પોતાનું સૈન્ય, ખાસ કરીને મુખ્ય અને અનેક યોદ્ધાઓને હત થયેલા જોઈ, તેમજ પ્રાણ સમાન પ્રિય વીરો પણ પડેલા જોઈ તે દાનવ અત્યંત ક્રોધિત થયો.

Word by Word
सनत्कुमारःSanatkumāra
सनत्कुमारः:
कर्ता (Speaker/subject of ‘said’)
TypeNoun
Rootसनत्-कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; नाम; कर्मधारयः ‘सनत् (नित्यः) कुमारः’
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
स्वबलम्his own army/strength
स्वबलम्:
कर्म (Object of seeing)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व-बल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘स्वस्य बलम्’
निहतम्slain, destroyed
निहतम्:
विशेषण (of svabalam)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि√हन् (धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle) = slain
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
TypeVerb
Root√दृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त/अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund) = having seen
मुख्यम्chief, principal
मुख्यम्:
कर्म (object complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootमुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; बलम् इति विशेषण (another object/apposition)
बहुतरम्greater, much more
बहुतरम्:
विशेषण (of mukhyam/balam)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहुतर (प्रातिपदिक; बहु + तरप्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तुलनात्मक (comparative)
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (sequence)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; ‘thereupon/then’ (sequence)
तथाthus, in that way
तथा:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (manner)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; manner ‘thus/so’
वीरान्heroes, warriors
वीरान्:
कर्म (Object; whom he regarded as...)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
प्राणसमान्as dear as life
प्राणसमान्:
विशेषण (of vīrān)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राण-सम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘प्राणैः समाः’ = equal to life (as dear as life)
चुकोपbecame angry
चुकोप:
क्रिया (Main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√कुप् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अतीवexceedingly
अतीव:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (intensity)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतीव (अव्यय)
Formपरिमाण/तीव्रता-वाचक-अव्यय (intensifier adverb)
इवas if, like
इव:
अव्यय-सम्बन्ध (simile)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक-अव्यय (comparative particle)
दानवःthe Dānava (demon)
दानवः:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदानव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
Speaker

Sanatkumara

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

FAQs

The verse highlights how krodha (wrath) arises from attachment and loss; in Shaiva understanding, such passions strengthen pāśa (bondage) and obscure discernment, accelerating adharma and downfall.

By contrast: the demon’s rage shows the fruit of ego-driven identification, while Saguna Shiva worship (Linga-upāsanā) trains the mind toward devotion and steadiness, reducing anger and aligning the seeker with Shiva’s grace.

A practical takeaway is japa of the Pañcākṣarī ("Om Namaḥ Śivāya") with vibhūti (Tripuṇḍra) and mindful restraint of anger—using mantra to cool the mind when agitation arises.

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