Rig Veda 8.1.19: Mandala 8, Sukta 1, Mantra 19
Sukta 8.1
Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva tradition predominates in Maṇḍala 8; exact ṛṣi for 8.1 varies by Anukramaṇī—flagged as likely Kāṇva)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī (common in Indra hymns of Maṇḍala 8; flagged as probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्राय सु मदिन्तमं सोमं सोता वरेण्यम् । शक्र एणं पीपयद्विश्वया धिया हिन्वानं न वाजयुम् ॥
Transliteration
índrāya sú madíntamam sómam sotā́ váreṇyam | śakrá eṇaṃ pīpayad víśvayā dhiyā́ hinvānáṃ ná vāja-yúm ||
Translation
ઇન્દ્ર માટે સર્વાધિક ઉલ્લાસ જગાવતો, વરેણ્ય સોમ પેષ; શક્ર તેને સર્વવ્યાપી ધિયા (વિચાર-બુદ્ધિ) વડે અમામાં ફુલાવે, અને તેને આગળ ધપાવે—જેમ બળ-સમૃદ્ધિનો શોધક.
Word by Word
इन्द्रायto/for Indra
इन्द्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सुwell, greatly
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थक निपात)
मदिन्-तमम्most exhilarating
मदिन्-तमम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमदिन् (प्रातिपदिक; √मद् ‘to be exhilarated’ से)
सोमम्Soma (the pressed drink)
सोमम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
सोतpress (prepare)
सोत:
— (आज्ञा; कर्ता निहितः ‘त्वम्’)
TypeVerb
Root√सु (सुनोति ‘to press/prepare Soma’)
वरेण्यम्choice, excellent, worthy to be chosen
वरेण्यम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootवरेण्य (कृदन्त-विशेषण; √वृ ‘to choose’ + अनीय/यत्-भाव)
शक्रःthe Mighty one (Indra)
शक्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र (प्रातिपदिक; इन्द्र-विशेषण)
एनम्him/it (that Soma)
एनम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक; एनद्-श्रुति)
पीपयत्made (him) drink / refreshed
पीपयत्:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: शक्रः)
TypeVerb
Root√पा/√पि (कारण/द्वित्व-आदेश; ‘to make drink, to cause to swell/refresh’)
विश्वयाwith all, with every
विश्वया:
करण
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
धियाwith thought, with insight
धिया:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधि (प्रातिपदिक)
हिfor, indeed
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
हिन्वानम्impelling, urging on
हिन्वानम्:
कर्म (एनम्/सोमम् का विशेषण)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Root√हि/√ह्वि? (वेदिक ‘हिन्वति’ = to impel/drive; वर्तमान कृदन्त)
नlike, as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा/निपात)
वाजयुम्a prize-seeker, one seeking strength/spoil
वाजयुम्:
उपमान (न के साथ)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवाजयु (प्रातिपदिक; वाज ‘prize/strength’ + यु ‘seeking’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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