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Shloka 10

जटायुरुपदेशः — Jatāyu Confronts Rāvaṇa

Ethical Admonition and Challenge

पापस्वभावश्चपलः कथं त्वं रक्षसां वर।।।।ऐश्वर्यमभिसम्प्राप्तो विमानमिव दुष्कृतिः।

pāpasvabhāvaś capalaḥ kathaṃ tvaṃ rakṣasāṃ vara || 3.50.10 ||

aiśvaryam abhisamprāpto vimānam iva duṣkṛtiḥ |

“પાપસ્વભાવ અને ચપલ—હે રાક્ષસોમાં શ્રેષ્ઠ! દુષ્કર્મી હોવા છતાં તું કેવી રીતે આવી ઐશ્વર્યસંપત્તિ પ્રાપ્ત કરી, જાણે દેવવિમાન સમું?”

पापस्वभावःof sinful nature
पापस्वभावः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāpa-svabhāva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya: पापः स्वभावः यस्य; Pumliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
चपलःfickle
चपलः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootcapala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
कथम्how
कथम्:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
FormPraśna-avyaya
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPrathamā, Ekavacana
रक्षसाम्of demons
रक्षसाम्:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootrakṣas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka (collective)/Pumliṅga usage, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana
वरO best
वर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPumliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana
ऐश्वर्यम्sovereignty/wealth
ऐश्वर्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootaiśvarya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
अभिसम्प्राप्तःhaving obtained
अभिसम्प्राप्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-sam-√prāp (धातु) + kta (क्त)
FormKta-participle; Pumliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate to tvam
विमानम्a celestial chariot
विमानम्:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootvimāna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; used in simile with iva
इवlike
इव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-avyaya (उपमा), particle of comparison
दुष्कृतिःevil-doer
दुष्कृतिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootduṣ-kṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa: दुष्टा कृतिः; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate noun (one who does evil deeds)

O best of demons ! by nature you are sinful, and fickle-minded. You do all forbidden acts. Otherwise,how could you get this wealth, like the celestial chariot?

J
Jatāyu
R
Rāvaṇa
V
Vimāna (celestial aerial car)
R
Rākṣasas

FAQs

Dharma includes moral truth-telling: the righteous openly challenge wrongdoing and question the legitimacy of power gained through adharma.

Jatāyu confronts Rāvaṇa mid-abduction, rebuking him and highlighting the contradiction between wicked conduct and royal splendor.

Moral courage—Jatāyu speaks truth to a powerful aggressor despite danger.