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Shloka 49

Adhyaya 4Jaimini Meets the Dharmapakshis: Four Doubts on the Mahabharata and the Opening of Narayana Doctrine

तृतीया कर्म कुरुते प्रजापालनतत्परा ।

सत्त्वोद्रिक्ता तु सा ज्ञेया धर्मसंस्थानकारिणी ॥

tṛtīyā karma kurute prajāpālanatatparā / sattvodriktā tu sā jñeyā dharmasaṃsthānakāriṇī

ત્રીજી અવસ્થા પ્રજાના રક્ષણ અને શાસનમાં પરાયણ થઈ કર્મ કરે છે. તે સત્ત્વપ્રધાન તરીકે જાણીતી છે, જે ધર્મવ્યવસ્થાને સ્થાપે અને ધારણ કરે છે.

तृतीयाthe third (one/form)
तृतीया:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेष्य (ordinal used substantively)
कर्मaction; duty
कर्म:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
कुरुतेdoes; performs
कुरुते:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
प्रजाof the subjects/creatures
प्रजा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)
पालनprotection; governance
पालन:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootपालन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी/षष्ठी-समासार्थ (समासपूर्वपद; ‘पालने/पालनस्य’ sense)
तत्पराdevoted to protecting the subjects
तत्परा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootतत्पर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—प्रजा+पालन+तत्परा (प्रजापालनतत्परा) = ‘प्रजापालने तत्परा’ (locative/goal-oriented sense)
सत्त्वsattva (purity)
सत्त्व:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-समासार्थ (समासपूर्वपद)
उद्रिक्ताabounding in sattva
उद्रिक्ता:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्रिक्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-विशेषण from √द्रिच्/√द्रेक् ‘to increase’, usage ‘abounding’)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—सत्त्व+उद्रिक्ता (सत्त्वोद्रिक्ता) = ‘सत्त्वेन उद्रिक्ता/सत्त्वे उद्रिक्ता’ (abounding in sattva)
तुbut; indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात/particle (contrast/emphasis)
साshe; that (one)
सा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
ज्ञेयाto be known (as)
ज्ञेया:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधानविशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञेय (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √ज्ञा, gerundive/भाव्य)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधिलिङ्गार्थ-भाव्य (to be known)
धर्मof dharma; righteousness
धर्म:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-समासार्थ (समासपूर्वपद; ‘धर्मस्य’)
संस्थानestablishment; order
संस्थान:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्थान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-समासार्थ (समासपूर्वपद; ‘स्थापन/व्यवस्था’)
कारिणीone who establishes dharma
कारिणी:
Pradhāna-viśeṣaṇa (प्रधानविशेषण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootकारिन् (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त from √कृ, agent noun)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—धर्म+संस्थान+कारिणी (धर्मसंस्थानकारिणी) = ‘धर्मसंस्थानं करोति या’
Not specified in input (likely within the Markandeya Purana’s didactic narration rather than the Devi Mahatmyam battle-frame).
Not a Devi Mahatmyam verse; no specific Goddess form explicitly named here.
DharmaGuṇa theory (sattva predominance)Rājadharma / governance as protection of subjectsEthical typology of action

FAQs

Action aligned with sattva is characterized by public-spirited responsibility: protecting and sustaining the community (prajā) and stabilizing dharma as a lived social order. The verse valorizes duty performed for collective welfare rather than private gain.

Primarily aligns with 'Vaṃśānucarita' in the broad sense of normative conduct associated with rulers/protectors (rājadharma) rather than cosmological creation; it is ethical instruction embedded within narrative/doctrinal exposition, not a direct Sarga/Pratisarga/Manvantara account in this verse.

Sattva’s predominance symbolizes lucidity and harmonizing power: the capacity to hold beings together through dharma-saṃsthāna (right structure). Esoterically, 'prajāpālana' points to the inner governance of the senses and mind—protecting the 'subjects' (vṛttis) by establishing dharmic order within.