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Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 19

तेषां त्रयाणां मध्ये च विद्या मुख्यो महागुणः । विद्यां विनांधवद्विप्राश्चक्षुष्मंतो हि ते मताः

teṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ madhye ca vidyā mukhyo mahāguṇaḥ | vidyāṃ vināṃdhavadviprāścakṣuṣmaṃto hi te matāḥ

Parmi ces trois, l’apprentissage (vidyā) est la vertu majeure. Sans savoir, même les brāhmaṇas sont tenus pour aveugles, quand bien même on les dirait «pourvus d’yeux» de nom.

teṣāmof those
teṣām:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (Genitive, Plural)
trayāṇāmof the three
trayāṇām:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Roottraya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषणम् (Genitive, Plural; numeral adjective: of the three)
madhyein the midst/among
madhye:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन (Neuter, Locative, Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
vidyāknowledge
vidyā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Feminine, Nominative, Singular)
mukhyaḥchief/primary
mukhyaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmukhya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् ‘mahāguṇaḥ’ (Masculine, Nominative, Singular; adjective)
mahāguṇaḥgreat virtue
mahāguṇaḥ:
Karta (Subject complement/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (महान् गुणः) (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
vidyāmknowledge
vidyām:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvidyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन (Feminine, Accusative, Singular)
vināwithout
vinā:
Apadana (Ablative sense/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvinā (अव्यय)
Formअपादानार्थक-अव्यय (preposition-like indeclinable: without)
andha-vatlike the blind
andha-vat:
Sambandha (Manner/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootandha (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित-प्रत्यय)
Formउपमानवाचक-अव्यय (adverbial: like a blind person)
viprāḥbrahmins
viprāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
cakṣuṣmantaḥhaving eyes/sight
cakṣuṣmantaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcakṣuṣmant (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् ‘viprāḥ’ (Masculine, Nominative, Plural; adjective: possessing eyes)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formहेतौ/निश्चये-अव्यय (particle: indeed/for)
tethey
te:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
matāḥare considered
matāḥ:
Kriya (Predicative/क्रिया-सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootman (धातु) → mata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विधेय-विशेषणम् (Past participle ‘considered’, Masculine, Nominative, Plural)

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages (deduced)

Scene: A teacher-sage holds a manuscript like a lamp; beside him a brāhmaṇa with sacred thread but no manuscript is shown with veiled eyes, illustrating ‘blindness without learning’.

FAQs

Vidyā is essential for true spiritual and moral vision; without it, status alone is hollow.

None; the verse emphasizes the inner qualification of knowledge rather than a location.

Implicitly, cultivate and honor vidyā when assessing pātratā for dāna and in living brāhmaṇa-dharma.