Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 13

Devanagari script

पितर्युपरते तस्याः कन्यायाः सा जनन्यपि । शुभव्रता परित्यज्य तां कन्यां पतिमन्वगात्

Transliteration

pitaryuparate tasyāḥ kanyāyāḥ sā jananyapi | śubhavratā parityajya tāṃ kanyāṃ patimanvagāt

Translation

Lorsque le père de cette jeune fille fut mort, sa mère aussi —fidèle à son vœu sacré— laissa la demoiselle et suivit son époux.

Word by Word

• पितरि: when the father
• पितरि: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन — Locative singular (in/when the father)

• उपरते: having passed away
• उपरते: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप+रम् (धातु) → उपरत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन — ‘having ceased/being dead’ agreeing with पितरि

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Genitive singular (of her)

• कन्यायाः: of the daughter
• कन्यायाः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Genitive singular (of the girl/daughter)

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular (she)

• जननी: mother
• जननी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जननी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular (mother)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: also/even)

• शुभव्रता: virtuous (good-vowed)
• शुभव्रता: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — ‘of good vow/conduct’ qualifying सा जननी

• परित्यज्य: having abandoned
• परित्यज्य: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि+त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund) — having abandoned

• ताम्: that (girl)
• ताम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Accusative singular (her/that)

• कन्याम्: daughter
• कन्याम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Accusative singular

• पतिम्: husband
• पतिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Accusative singular (husband)

• अन्वगात्: followed
• अन्वगात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु+गम् (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — followed/went after

Speaker

Skanda (narrating; deduced Kāśīkhaṇḍa frame: Skanda to Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A widow, austere and resolute, steps toward the funeral path (or symbolic ‘following’), while a young girl stands behind in shock; the Gaṅgā and cremation-ground atmosphere (maśāna) are hinted, with smoke and lamps.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The text portrays an ideal of spousal fidelity framed as vrata-dharma, emphasizing unwavering marital devotion.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse; it is narrative content within the Kāśīkhaṇḍa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Implicitly references a ‘śubha-vrata’ (noble vow) of marital devotion; no step-by-step rite is specified.