Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 31

Devanagari script

देवाश्च मुनयो यक्षा गंधर्वोरगराक्षसाः । अन्ये च जंतवः सर्वे ब्रह्मविष्णुहरादयः

Transliteration

devāśca munayo yakṣā gaṃdharvoragarākṣasāḥ | anye ca jaṃtavaḥ sarve brahmaviṣṇuharādayaḥ

Translation

Les devas, les sages ṛṣi, les yakṣa, les gandharva, les nāga et les rākṣasa—et tous les autres êtres aussi, y compris Brahmā, Viṣṇu et Hara (Śiva) et les autres—

Word by Word

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• munayaḥ: sages
• munayaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: muni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• yakṣāḥ: yakṣas
• yakṣāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yakṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• gandharvāḥ: gandharvas
• gandharvāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gandharva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• uragāḥ: serpents
• uragāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uraga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• rākṣasāḥ: rākṣasas
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• anye: others
• anye: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• jantavaḥ: creatures
• jantavaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jantu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; विशेषण

• brahmaviṣṇuharādayaḥ: Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Hara and others
• brahmaviṣṇuharādayaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman + viṣṇu + hara + ādi (प्रातिपदिक); समासान्त-प्रत्ययः (ādi)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास (copulative): ब्रह्मा-विष्णु-हर-आदयः = 'Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Hara and others'

Speaker

Munayaḥ (the sages)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Setutīrtha (Setukṣetra)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A vast, layered cosmic congregation at the oceanic Setu: devas and ṛṣis in the sky, yakṣas and gandharvas in mid-air, nāgas emerging from waters, rākṣasas at the shore—while the sacred causeway glows as a liminal bridge between worlds.

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Munis
• Yakṣas
• Gandharvas
• Nāgas (Uraga)
• Rākṣasas
• Brahmā
• Viṣṇu
• Hara (Śiva)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even exalted celestial beings are within the cycle of time; lasting refuge is sought in the highest truth, not in rank.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The Setu/Rāmeśvaram māhātmya frame contextualizes the teaching, though this verse itself is cosmological.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it prepares the ground for the following teaching on the non-dual Brahman.