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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 37

भक्ताधिकारि-द्विजधर्म-योगिलक्षणवर्णनम् / Duties of Qualified Devotees and Marks of Yogins

स तैर्व्यस्तैस्समस्तैर्वा लिंगैरव्यभिचारिभिः । मंदमध्योत्तमैर्भावैर्विज्ञेयास्ते नरोत्तमाः

sa tairvyastaissamastairvā liṃgairavyabhicāribhiḥ | maṃdamadhyottamairbhāvairvijñeyāste narottamāḥ

Les meilleurs des hommes se reconnaissent à ces signes infaillibles — qu’ils apparaissent séparément ou tous ensemble — se manifestant en dispositions de trois degrés : doux, moyen et excellent.

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
तैःby those
तैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-विशेषण
व्यस्तैःseparately (taken)
व्यस्तैः:
विशेषण (Qualifier of तैः)
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण
समस्तैःcollectively (taken)
समस्तैः:
विशेषण (Qualifier of तैः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण
वाor
वा:
विकल्प (Alternative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, विकल्प (disjunctive particle)
लिङ्गैःby signs/marks
लिङ्गैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
अव्यभिचारिभिःunfailing/undeviating
अव्यभिचारिभिः:
विशेषण (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यभिचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of लिङ्गैः)
मन्द-मध्य-उत्तमैःby mild, medium, and excellent
मन्द-मध्य-उत्तमैः:
विशेषण (Qualifier of भावैः)
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द (प्रातिपदिक) + मध्य (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (mild, middling, excellent)
भावैःby states/feelings
भावैः:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootभाव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
विज्ञेयाःare to be known/recognized
विज्ञेयाः:
विधेय (Predicate: to be known)
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√ज्ञा (धातु)
Formतव्यत् (Gerundive/Future passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
तेthose
ते:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
नर-उत्तमाःbest of men
नर-उत्तमाः:
सम्बोधन/विधेय (Appositional predicate)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थे: नराणाम् उत्तमाः / उत्तमा नराः

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Sadāśiva

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

It teaches discernment: true spiritual nobility is known by steady, unfailing inner signs (liṅgas)—not merely by external show—graded as lesser, middling, and supreme dispositions that mature toward Shiva-realization.

Here “liṅga” primarily means ‘mark’ or ‘characteristic.’ In Shaiva practice, outer Linga-worship bears fruit when supported by these inner, unwavering qualities—devotion, purity, and steadiness—through which Saguna worship leads toward the highest truth of Shiva.

Cultivate unwavering bhāva through daily Shiva-puja with japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and steady dhyāna; let external observances (like bhasma/rudraksha) be supported by consistent inner discipline rather than occasional enthusiasm.