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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 54

पशुपाशपतिज्ञान-प्राप्तिः

Acquisition of Paśupati–Pāśa Knowledge

अत्यंतमसुखावासास्स्मृताश्चैकांतमृत्यवः । अनागता अतीताश्च तनवो ऽस्य सहस्रशः

atyaṃtamasukhāvāsāssmṛtāścaikāṃtamṛtyavaḥ | anāgatā atītāśca tanavo 'sya sahasraśaḥ

On se souvient d’eux comme demeurant dans une détresse extrême et voués à une mort inévitable. D’innombrables corps des siens—certains à venir, d’autres déjà passés—existent par milliers.

atyantamexceedingly
atyantam:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatyanta (अत्यन्त प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभावार्थ)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'excessively/utterly'
asukhāvāsāḥ(they) are abodes of unhappiness
asukhāvāsāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roota- + sukha (प्रातिपदिक) + āvāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); compound: 'sukha-āvāsa' with negation = 'abode of happiness' → 'abode of discomfort'
smṛtāḥare regarded (as)
smṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (स्मृ धातु) + kta (क्त) → smṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); past passive participle (क्त) used predicatively: 'are considered/remembered'
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
ekāntamṛtyavaḥinevitable deaths
ekāntamṛtyavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootekānta (प्रातिपदिक) + mṛtyu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); karmadhāraya: 'ekāntaḥ mṛtyuḥ' = 'certain/inevitable death'
anāgatāḥfuture (not yet come)
anāgatāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanāgata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with tanavaḥ
atītāḥpast
atītāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootatīta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agrees with tanavaḥ
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
tanavaḥbodies
tanavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottanu (तनु प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
asyaof him / of this (being)
asya:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (इदम् प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); pronoun
sahasraśaḥby thousands
sahasraśaḥ:
Prakāra/Parimāṇa (प्रकार/परिमाण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsahasraśas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) meaning 'by thousands, in thousands'

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

Shiva Form: Mahādeva

S
Shiva

FAQs

It highlights the Shaiva Siddhanta view that the bound soul (paśu), constrained by bonds (pāśa) like karma and ignorance, repeatedly takes innumerable bodies marked by suffering and certain death—thereby urging refuge in Pati (Lord Shiva) for liberation.

By stressing the misery of repeated embodiment, the verse supports turning to accessible Saguna Shiva—worshiped as the Linga—as the compassionate means through which Shiva’s grace purifies karma and leads the soul beyond death-bound cycles.

A practical takeaway is steady japa of the Panchakshara mantra (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) with daily Linga worship (abhisheka) and remembrance of Shiva, cultivating detachment from transient bodies and orientation toward moksha.