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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 29

सर्गविभागवर्णनम्

Classification of Creation: the Nine Sargas and the Streams of Beings

प्रजासन्तानहेतोश्च प्रयतध्वमतन्द्रिताः । एवमुक्ताश्च रुरुदुर्दुद्रुवुश्च समन्ततः । रोदनाद्द्रावणाच्चैव ते रुद्रा नामतः स्मृताः । ये रुद्रास्ते खलु प्राणा ये प्राणास्ते महात्मकाः

prajāsantānahetośca prayatadhvamatandritāḥ | evamuktāśca rurudurdudruvuśca samantataḥ | rodanāddrāvaṇāccaiva te rudrā nāmataḥ smṛtāḥ | ye rudrāste khalu prāṇā ye prāṇāste mahātmakāḥ

« Pour la continuité des créatures, efforcez-vous avec ardeur et sans négligence. » Ainsi exhortés, ils pleurèrent et coururent en tous sens. À cause de leurs pleurs (rodana) et du fait qu’ils font fuir (drāvaṇa), on se souvient d’eux sous le nom de « Rudras ». En vérité, ces Rudras sont les prāṇas ; et ces prāṇas sont les puissances magnanimes qui soutiennent la vie incarnée.

prajā-santāna-hetoḥof the cause of progeny/lineage-continuation
prajā-santāna-hetoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā (प्रातिपदिक) + santāna (प्रातिपदिक) + hetu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी Genitive), Ekavacana (Singular); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (prajā-santāna-hetu = 'cause of progeny-continuation')
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (समुच्चय-निपात/Conjunction)
prayatadhvamstrive / make effort
prayatadhvam:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootyat (यत् धातु)
FormLoṭ-lakāra (Imperative/लोट्), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person/मध्यम), Bahuvacana (Plural); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
atandritāḥunwearied, not lazy
atandritāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of implied 'you all')
TypeAdjective
Roota-tandra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (1st/प्रथमा Nominative), Bahuvacana (Plural); नञ्-समास/उपसर्गयुक्त (a- = negation)
evamthus
evam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormPrakāra-avyaya (प्रकार-अव्यय/Adverb of manner)
uktāḥhaving been told/addressed
uktāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject—'they, having been addressed')
TypeAdjective
Rootvac (वच् धातु)
FormKta-pratyaya (क्त/PPP), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (Conjunction)
ruruduḥthey wept
ruruduḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootrud (रुद् धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Bahuvacana (Plural); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
dudruvuḥthey ran
dudruvuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootdru (द्रु धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana; Parasmaipada
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (Conjunction)
samantataḥon all sides
samantataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative sense—'all around')
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamantataḥ (अव्यय)
FormDeśa-avyaya (देश-अव्यय/Adverb of place)
rodanātfrom weeping
rodanāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootrodana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Pañcamī vibhakti (5th/पञ्चमी Ablative), Ekavacana
drāvaṇātfrom running/causing to run
drāvaṇāt:
Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
TypeNoun
Rootdrāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Pañcamī vibhakti, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (Conjunction)
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण-निपात/Emphatic particle)
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Sarvanāma (pronoun)
rudrāḥRudras
rudrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
nāmataḥby name
nāmataḥ:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāmatas (अव्यय)
FormPrakāra/hetu-avyaya (नामतः = 'by name'/as designation)
smṛtāḥare called/remembered
smṛtāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate—passive)
TypeAdjective
Rootsmṛ (स्मृ धातु)
FormKta-pratyaya (क्त/PPP), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; कर्मणि (passive: 'are called/remembered')
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of relative clause)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Relative pronoun
rudrāḥRudras
rudrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrudra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Correlative pronoun
khaluindeed
khalu:
Sambandha (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkhalu (अव्यय)
FormNiścaya-nipāta (निश्चय-निपात/Assertive particle)
prāṇāḥvital breaths/life-forces
prāṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
yethose who
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of relative clause)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Relative pronoun
prāṇāḥvital breaths
prāṇāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootprāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Correlative pronoun
mahā-ātmakaḥgreat-souled
mahā-ātmakaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of 'te')
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana (contextual; form appears as mahātmakāḥ); समासः—कर्मधारयः (mahā + ātmaka = 'great-souled')

Suta Goswami (narrating the Vāyavīya teaching to the sages of Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Rudra

Role: nurturing

R
Rudras
P
Pranas

FAQs

The verse links the Rudras with prāṇa (life-breath), teaching that Shiva’s Rudra-power is not merely cosmic but also the inner force sustaining all beings; recognizing this leads the seeker toward Shaiva insight that Pati (Shiva) pervades and governs the pashu through the very breath of life.

By identifying Rudra with prāṇa, the text encourages Saguna devotion to Shiva as the living indweller: Linga worship is not only external ritual but also internalization—offering one’s breath, attention, and vitality to the Lord who stands as the support of embodied existence.

A practical takeaway is prāṇāyāma and mantra-japa: steady the prāṇa and repeat the Panchakshara (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) with awareness that the breath itself is Rudra’s presence; this aligns inner yoga with Shaiva devotion.