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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 23

सर्गविभागवर्णनम्

Classification of Creation: the Nine Sargas and the Streams of Beings

ततो दीर्घेण कालेन दुःखात्क्रोधो व्यजायत । क्रोधाविष्टस्य नेत्राभ्यां प्रापतन्नश्रुबिन्दवः । ततस्तेभ्यो ऽश्रुबिन्दुभ्यो भूताः प्रेतास्तदाभवन् । सर्वांस्तानश्रुजान्दृष्ट्वा ब्रह्मात्मानमनिंदत

tato dīrgheṇa kālena duḥkhātkrodho vyajāyata | krodhāviṣṭasya netrābhyāṃ prāpatannaśrubindavaḥ | tatastebhyo 'śrubindubhyo bhūtāḥ pretāstadābhavan | sarvāṃstānaśrujāndṛṣṭvā brahmātmānamaniṃdata

Alors, après un long temps, de la douleur naquit la colère. Saisi par l’ire, des gouttes de larmes tombèrent de ses yeux. De ces gouttes, à l’instant même, surgirent des êtres devenus Bhūtas et Pretas. Voyant tous ceux nés des larmes, Brahmā se blâma lui-même.

tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (काल/अनन्तर/adverb): then, thereafter
dīrgheṇaby/after a long
dīrgheṇa:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdīrgha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण (of kālena)
kālenatime (instrumental: after time)
kālena:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
duḥkhātfrom sorrow
duḥkhāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन
krodhaḥanger
krodhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkrodha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vyajāyataarose, was born
vyajāyata:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√jan (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद
krodha-āviṣṭasyaof one possessed by anger
krodha-āviṣṭasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeAdjective
Rootkrodha (प्रातिपदिक) + āviṣṭa (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; ā-√viś)
Formक्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष (krodhena āviṣṭa)
netrābhyāmfrom/with (his) two eyes
netrābhyām:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootnetra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, द्विवचन
prāpatanfell down
prāpatan:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√pat (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन (or 3rd pl. with plural subject), परस्मैपद
aśru-bindavaḥtear-drops
aśru-bindavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootaśru (प्रातिपदिक) + bindu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष (aśru + bindu)
tataḥthen
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (अनन्तर)
tebhyaḥfrom them
tebhyaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
aśru-bindubhyaḥfrom the tear-drops
aśru-bindubhyaḥ:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootaśru (प्रातिपदिक) + bindu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष
bhūtāḥbeings, spirits
bhūtāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √bhū)
Formक्त (PPP used as noun), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
pretāḥpretas (departed spirits)
pretāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpreta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; भूताः इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषण/समनाधिकरण
tadāthen, at that time
tadā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (कालवाचक): at that time
abhavanbecame
abhavan:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद
sarvānall
sarvān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of tān)
tānthose
tān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
aśru-jānborn of tears
aśru-jān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootaśru-ja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष (aśru + ja ‘born from tears’)
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriya (क्रिया-पूर्वक)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकालिक क्रिया
brahmāBrahmā
brahmā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ātmānamhimself
ātmānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
aniṃdatadid not blame
aniṃdata:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√nind (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; उपसर्ग: a- (निषेध) + ni-

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pashu

B
Brahma
B
Bhutas
P
Pretas

FAQs

The verse links unchecked duḥkha (sorrow) and krodha (anger) to the manifestation of lower, restless states (bhūtas and pretas), illustrating how mental afflictions become forms of pāśa (bondage). It implies that purification of emotion through Shaiva discipline is essential for moving toward Shiva (Pati) and freedom.

Bhūtas and pretas are traditionally associated with disturbed, tamasic conditions; Linga-worship centers the mind in Saguna Shiva as the stabilizing refuge. By turning to Shiva through pūjā, japa, and dhyāna, the devotee transforms grief and anger into devotion and clarity, loosening pāśa.

A practical takeaway is to pacify krodha through Panchakshara japa (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”), along with bhasma (Tripuṇḍra) and steady dhyāna on the Linga; these are Shaiva means to purify the inner causes that breed unrest and fear.